Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a powerful intrinsic tumor-suppressive mechanism, arresting cell cycle progression upon oncogene-activating genomic alterations. The discovery and characterization of the senescence-associated secretome unveiled a rich additional complexity to the senescence phenotype, including extrinsic impacts on the microenvironment and engagement of the immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that senescence phenotypes vary depending on the oncogenic stimulus. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying OIS and how they are subverted in cancer will provide invaluable opportunities to identify alternative strategies for treating oncogene-driven cancers. In this review, we primarily discuss the key mechanisms governing OIS driven by the RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways and how understanding the biology of senescent cells has uncovered new therapeutic possibilities to target cancer.

中文翻译：

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癌基因诱导的衰老：从生物学到治疗。

癌基因诱导的衰老（OIS）是一种强大的内在肿瘤抑制机制，可在激活癌基因的基因组改变后阻止细胞周期进程。衰老相关分泌蛋白的发现和表征揭示了衰老表型的丰富的复杂性，包括对微环境的外在影响和免疫应答的参与。越来越多的证据表明，衰老表型取决于致癌刺激。因此，了解OIS的潜在机制及其在癌症中的转化方式将为确定治疗癌基因驱动型癌症的替代策略提供宝贵的机会。在这篇评论中