The immune system protects from infections primarily by detecting and eliminating invading pathogens. This is predominantly mediated by innate immune cells like neutrophils, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) expressing specific receptors recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. DC activation by pathogens leads to the initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses, thereby bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems. However, various pathogens have evolved immune evasion strategies to ensure their survival. In this review, we highlight recent findings on how various microorganisms or their structural features affect or modulate DC development and whether this has any consequences for a protective immune response.

中文翻译：

---

感染中的树突状细胞发育。

免疫系统主要通过检测和消除入侵的病原体来防止感染。这主要由先天性免疫细胞（如嗜中性粒细胞，单核细胞和树突状细胞（DC））介导，这些免疫细胞表达识别病原体相关分子模式的特定受体。病原体激活DC会引发抗原特异性适应性免疫反应，从而桥接先天性和适应性免疫系统。但是，各种病原体已经进化出逃避免疫的策略以确保其生存。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了有关各种微生物或其结构特征如何影响或调节DC发育以及这是否会对保护性免疫应答产生任何后果的最新发现。