Abstract Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for treating saline industrial wastewater, but current hydrophobic MD membranes suffer significant wetting issues due to contaminants commonly present in wastewater. In this study, we report an effective method to fabricate a polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) electrospun nanofiber membrane with improved anti-wetting property against low-surface-tension substances. Without surface activation, the pristine electrospun nanofiber PVDF-HFP membrane with intrinsic re-entrant structure was directly fluorinated by 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) employing vapor deposition (VD). The fluorinated membrane exhibited excellent surface omniphobicity with high water and ethanol contact angle of 154.1 ± 0.1° and 122.6 ± 1.7°, respectively. The fluorinated membrane showed highly stable omniphobicity and mechanical properties at harsh conditions such as ultrasonic, boiling water, acid and base treatment. More importantly, the resultant omniphobic membrane exhibited robust wetting resistance to the saline feed containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 0.4 mM) in an 8-h dynamic direct contact MD (DCMD) test. This study provides an effective and benign approach to fabricate omniphobic nanofiber membranes which have great potential in treating saline wastewater containing low surface tension substances.

中文翻译：

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通过气相沉积对电纺纳米纤维膜进行全疏水表面改性以增强膜蒸馏中的抗润湿性能

摘要 膜蒸馏 (MD) 是一种用于处理含盐工业废水的有前途的技术，但由于废水中普遍存在污染物，目前的疏水性 MD 膜存在严重的润湿问题。在这项研究中，我们报告了一种制造聚偏二氟乙烯-共-六氟丙烯（PVDF-HFP）电纺纳米纤维膜的有效方法，该膜对低表面张力物质具有改善的抗润湿性能。在没有表面活化的情况下，具有内在重入结构的原始电纺纳米纤维 PVDF-HFP 膜通过采用气相沉积 (VD) 的 1H、1H、2H、2H-全氟癸基三氯硅烷 (FDTS) 直接氟化。氟化膜表现出优异的表面全疏水性，水和乙醇的接触角分别为 154.1 ± 0.1° 和 122.6 ± 1.7°。氟化膜在超声波、沸水、酸碱处理等苛刻条件下表现出高度稳定的全疏水性和机械性能。更重要的是，在 8 小时动态直接接触 MD (DCMD) 测试中，所得全疏水膜对含有十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS, 0.4 mM) 的盐水进料表现出强大的耐湿性。该研究提供了一种有效且良性的方法来制造全疏水性纳米纤维膜，该膜在处理含有低表面张力物质的含盐废水方面具有巨大潜力。0.4 mM) 在 8 小时动态直接接触 MD (DCMD) 测试中。该研究提供了一种有效且良性的方法来制造全疏水性纳米纤维膜，该膜在处理含有低表面张力物质的含盐废水方面具有巨大潜力。0.4 mM) 在 8 小时动态直接接触 MD (DCMD) 测试中。该研究提供了一种有效且良性的方法来制造全疏水性纳米纤维膜，该膜在处理含有低表面张力物质的含盐废水方面具有巨大潜力。