A study using indirect calorimetry and 12 lactating multiparous Jersey cows (53 ± 23 d in milk at the beginning of the experiment; mean ± standard deviation) was conducted to evaluate the utilization of energy in cattle consuming diets containing increasing hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM). A triplicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 35-d periods (28-d adaption and 4-d collections) was used to compare 4 different dietary treatments. Treatments contained (DM basis) HFM at 0% (0HFM), 3.3% (3.3HFM), 6.7% (6.7MFM), and 10.0% (10HFM). Diets were formulated such that HFM replaced blood meal and nonenzymatically browned soybean meal. With increasing HFM, linear increases were observed for dietary NEL content (1.61, 1.64, 1.69, and 1.70 ± 0.042 Mcal/kg of DM for 0HFM, 3.3HFM, 6.7MFM, and 10HFM, respectively), and the efficiency of converting ME to NEL (0.708, 0.711, 0.717, and 0.719). Apparent total-tract digestibility of CP linearly decreased with increasing HFM (63.4, 61.1, 59.9, and 58.6 ± 1.46% for 0HFM, 3.3HFM, 6.7MFM, and 10HFM, respectively), whereas long-chain fatty acid digestibility increased with increasing HFM (77.2, 77.7, 78.5, and 80.6 ± 1.30%). With increased inclusion of HFM, fecal N excretion increased (199, 230, 239, 237 ± 12.1 g/d for 0HFM, 3.3HFM, 6.7MFM, and 10HFM, respectively), whereas urinary N excretion decreased (166, 151, 155, and 119 ± 14.8 g/d). Increasing the concentration of HFM resulted in a quadratic effect on DMI (19.6, 20.2, 20.3, and 19.1 ± 0.79 kg/d for 0HFM, 3.3HFM, 6.7MFM, and 10HFM, respectively) and milk yield (31.7, 32.0, 31.9, and 29.7 ± 1.32 kg/d). Increasing HFM linearly decreased the milk protein concentration (3.34, 3.29, 3.23, and 3.23 ± 0.158 for 0HFM, 3.3HFM, 6.7MFM, and 10HFM, respectively) and yield (1.05, 1.05, 1.02, and 0.96 ± 0.040 kg). The inclusion of HFM did not affect energy-correct milk yield (average of 39.3 ± 1.54). Results of this study suggest that HFM can increase dietary NEL content compared with blood meal and nonenzymatically browned soybean meal and maintained energy-corrected milk yield; however, feeding HFM at greater than 6.7% of diet DM decreased DMI, and protein availability may have been reduced with increased HFM, leading to a linear decrease in milk protein concentration and yield.

中文翻译：

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使用间接量热法来评估泌乳泽西奶牛食用日粮中能量的利用情况，并增加水解羽毛粉的含量。


一项使用间接量热法和 12 头泌乳多产泽西奶牛（实验开始时在牛奶中 53 ± 23 天；平均值 ± 标准差）进行的研究，旨在评估食用含有增加水解羽毛粉 (HFM) 的日粮的牛的能量利用率。采用具有 35 天周期（28 天适应和 4 天收集）的三重 4 × 4 拉丁方设计来比较 4 种不同的饮食治疗。处理包含（基于DM）0% (0HFM)、3.3% (3.3HFM)、6.7% (6.7MFM) 和10.0% (10HFM) 的HFM。制定日粮时，用 HFM 替代血粉和非酶褐变豆粕。随着 HFM 的增加，观察到膳食 NEL 含量线性增加（0HFM、3.3HFM、6.7MFM 和 10HFM 的 DM 分别为 1.61、1.64、1.69 和 1.70 ± 0.042 Mcal/kg），以及将 ME 转化为NEL（0.708、0.711、0.717 和 0.719）。 CP 的表观全消化道消化率随着 HFM 的增加而线性下降（0HFM、3.3HFM、6.7MFM 和 10HFM 分别为 63.4、61.1、59.9 和 58.6 ± 1.46%），而长链脂肪酸消化率随着 HFM 的增加而增加（77.2、77.7、78.5 和 80.6 ± 1.30%）。随着 HFM 含量的增加，粪便 N 排泄量增加（0HFM、3.3HFM、6.7MFM 和 10HFM 分别为 199、230、239、237 ± 12.1 g/d），而尿 N 排泄量减少（166、151、155、和 119 ± 14.8 克/天）。增加 HFM 浓度会对 DMI（0HFM、3.3HFM、6.7MFM 和 10HFM 分别为 19.6、20.2、20.3 和 19.1 ± 0.79 kg/d）和产奶量（31.7、32.0、31.9、和 29.7 ± 1.32 千克/天）。增加 HFM 会线性降低乳蛋白浓度（0HFM、3.3HFM、6.7MFM 和 10HFM 分别为 3.34、3.29、3.23 和 3.23 ± 0.158）和产量（1.05、1.05、1.02 和 0）。96 ± 0.040 公斤）。添加 HFM 不会影响能量正确产奶量（平均值为 39.3 ± 1.54）。这项研究的结果表明，与血粉和非酶促褐化豆粕相比，HFM 可以增加日粮 NEL 含量，并保持能量校正产奶量；然而，饲喂 HFM 的量超过日粮 DM 的 6.7% 会降低 DMI，并且蛋白质利用率可能会随着 HFM 的增加而降低，导致乳蛋白浓度和产量线性下降。