Engineered Biomaterial Platforms to Study Fibrosis.,Advanced Healthcare Materials

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Engineered Biomaterial Platforms to Study Fibrosis.
Advanced Healthcare Materials ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-17 , DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901682
Matthew D Davidson _{1,

2} , Jason A Burdick _{1,

2} , Rebecca G Wells _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Many pathologic conditions lead to the development of tissue scarring and fibrosis, which are characterized by the accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) and changes in tissue mechanical properties. Cells within fibrotic tissues are exposed to dynamic microenvironments that may promote or prolong fibrosis, which makes it difficult to treat. Biomaterials have proved indispensable to better understand how cells sense their extracellular environment and are now being employed to study fibrosis in many tissues. As mechanical testing of tissues becomes more routine and biomaterial tools become more advanced, the impact of biophysical factors in fibrosis are beginning to be understood. Herein, fibrosis from a materials perspective is reviewed, including the role and mechanical properties of ECM components, the spatiotemporal mechanical changes that occur during fibrosis, current biomaterial systems to study fibrosis, and emerging biomaterial systems and tools that can further the understanding of fibrosis initiation and progression. This review concludes by highlighting considerations in promoting wide-spread use of biomaterials for fibrosis investigations and by suggesting future in vivo studies that it is hoped will inspire the development of even more advanced biomaterial systems.

中文翻译：

研究纤维化的工程生物材料平台。

许多病理状况会导致组织疤痕和纤维化的发展，其特征是异常细胞外基质（ECM）的积累和组织机械性能的变化。纤维化组织内的细胞暴露于可能促进或延长纤维化的动态微环境，这使得治疗变得困难。事实证明，生物材料对于更好地了解细胞如何感知细胞外环境是必不可少的，并且现在被用来研究许多组织中的纤维化。随着组织的机械测试变得更加常规，生物材料工具变得更加先进，人们开始了解生物物理因素对纤维化的影响。本文从材料角度对纤维化进行了综述，包括ECM成分的作用和机械性能、纤维化过程中发生的时空机械变化、当前研究纤维化的生物材料系统，以及可以进一步了解纤维化起始的新兴生物材料系统和工具和进展。本综述最后强调了促进广泛使用生物材料进行纤维化研究的考虑因素，并建议未来的体内研究，希望这将激发更先进的生物材料系统的开发。

更新日期：2020-04-21

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