We aimed to identify blood gene expression patterns associated to psychopathological trajectories retrieved from a large community, focusing on the emergence and remission of general psychiatric symptoms. Hundred and three individuals from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort Study (BHRCS) for mental disorders were classified in four groups according to Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) total score at the baseline (w0) and after 3 years (w1): low–high (L–H) (N = 27), high–low (H–L) (N = 12), high–high (H–H) (N = 34) and low–low (L–L) groups (N = 30). Blood gene expression profile was measured using Illumina HT-12 Beadchips, and paired analyses comparing w0 and w1 were performed for each group. Results: 98 transcripts were differentially expressed comparing w0 and w1 in the L-H, 33 in the H–L, 177 in the H–H and 273 in the L–L. Of these, 66 transcripts were differentially expressed exclusively in the L–H; and 6 only in the H–L. Cross-Lagged Panel Models analyses revealed that RPRD2 gene expression at w1 might be influenced by the CBCL score at w0. Moreover, COX5B, SEC62, and NDUFA2 were validated with another technique and were also differentially regulated in postmortem brain of subjects with mental disorders, indicating that they might be important not only to specific disorders, but also to general psychopathology and symptoms trajectories. Whereas genes related to metabolic pathways seem to be associated with the emergence of psychiatric symptoms, mitochondrial inner membrane genes might be important over the course of normal development. These results suggest that changes in gene expression can be detected in blood in different psychopathological trajectories.

我们旨在确定与从大型社区检索到的精神病理学轨迹相关的血液基因表达模式，重点关注一般精神症状的出现和缓解。根据基线 (w0) 和 3 年后 (w1) 的儿童行为检查表 (CBCL) 总分，将来自巴西精神障碍高风险队列研究 (BHRCS) 的 103 名个体分为四组：低-高(L–H) ( N  = 27)、高–低 (H–L) ( N  = 12)、高–高 (H–H) ( N  = 34) 和低–低 (L–L) 组 ( N = 30)。使用 Illumina HT-12 Beadchips 测量血液基因表达谱，并对每组进行比较 w0 和 w1 的配对分析。结果： 98 个转录本在 LH 中的 w0 和 w1 中有差异表达，33 个在 H-L 中，177 个在 H-H 中，273 个在 L-L 中。其中，66 个转录本仅在 L-H 中差异表达；和 6 只在 H-L 中。交叉滞后面板模型分析显示，w1 时的 RPRD2 基因表达可能受到 w0 时的 CBCL 评分的影响。此外，COX5B、SEC62和NDUFA2用另一种技术进行了验证，并且还在精神障碍受试者的死后大脑中进行了差异调节，这表明它们可能不仅对特定疾病很重要，而且对一般精神病理学和症状轨迹也很重要。虽然与代谢途径相关的基因似乎与精神症状的出现有关，但线粒体内膜基因可能在正常发育过程中很重要。这些结果表明，可以在不同精神病理学轨迹的血液中检测到基因表达的变化。