Context: Software is an important part in safety-critical system (SCS) development since it is becoming a major source of hazards. Requirements-related hazards have been associated with many accidents and safety incidents. Requirements issues tend to be mitigated in companies with high processes maturity levels since they do their business in a systematic, consistent and proactive approach. However, requirements engineers need systematic guidance to consider safety concerns early in the development process. Goal: the paper investigates which safety practices are suitable to be used in the Requirements Engineering (RE) process for SCS and how to design a safety maturity model for this area. Method: we followed the design science methodology to propose Uni-REPM SCS, a safety module for Unified Requirements Engineering Process Maturity Model (Uni-REPM). We also conducted a static validation with two practitioners and nine academic experts to evaluate its coverage, correctness, usefulness, and applicability. Results: The module has seven main processes, fourteen sub-processes and 148 practices that form the basis of safety processes maturity. Moreover, we describe its usage through a tool. Conclusions: The validation indicates a good coverage of practices and well receptivity by the experts. Finally, the module can help companies in evaluating their current practices.

中文翻译：

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需求工程中的安全实践：Uni-REPM 安全模块

背景：软件是安全关键系统 (SCS) 开发中的重要组成部分，因为它正在成为危害的主要来源。与需求相关的危险与许多事故和安全事故有关。在流程成熟度高的公司中，需求问题往往会得到缓解，因为他们以系统、一致和主动的方法开展业务。然而，需求工程师需要系统的指导来在开发过程的早期考虑安全问题。目标：本文研究了哪些安全实践适合用于 SCS 的需求工程 (RE) 过程，以及如何为该领域设计安全成熟度模型。方法：我们按照设计科学方法提出 Uni-REPM SCS，统一需求工程过程成熟度模型 (Uni-REPM) 的安全模块。我们还与两名从业者和九名学术专家进行了静态验证，以评估其覆盖范围、正确性、实用性和适用性。结果：该模块有七个主要流程、十四个子流程和 148 项实践，它们构成了安全流程成熟度的基础。此外，我们通过一个工具来描述它的用法。结论：验证表明专家对实践的良好覆盖和良好的接受度。最后，该模块可以帮助公司评估他们当前的做法。14 个子过程和 148 个实践构成了安全过程成熟度的基础。此外，我们通过一个工具来描述它的用法。结论：验证表明专家对实践的良好覆盖和良好的接受度。最后，该模块可以帮助公司评估他们当前的做法。14 个子过程和 148 个实践构成了安全过程成熟度的基础。此外，我们通过一个工具来描述它的用法。结论：验证表明专家对实践的良好覆盖和良好的接受度。最后，该模块可以帮助公司评估他们当前的做法。