The multi-layers of nanomaterials, for the time being, are materials of great significance in the field of nanoscience. In this work, some of the physical, morphological and structural properties of multi-coatings for solar energy applications have been studied. We investigated the impact of surface roughness with the number of layers on the optical and structural properties. Decreasing surface roughness led to improve performance of transmittance, reduce reflectance, and increase bandgap for single-, double-, triple-, and quadruple coatings of semiconductors. Moreover, the decreasing in crystallite size and changing in lattice parameter are due to more strain effect on peak broadening of the crystal structure. The experimental observations are supported by simulation based on the surface roughness with the energy gaps and refractive indices, and film morphology was studied by scanning force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, optical properties studied by UV–visible spectroscopy and structural properties investigated by X-ray diffraction.

中文翻译：

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太阳能多层涂层的形态、光学和结构特性研究

纳米材料的多层结构，目前是纳米科学领域具有重要意义的材料。在这项工作中，研究了用于太阳能应用的多层涂层的一些物理、形态和结构特性。我们研究了表面粗糙度与层数对光学和结构特性的影响。降低表面粗糙度导致提高半导体的单层、双层、三层和四层涂层的透射率性能，降低反射率并增加带隙。此外，晶粒尺寸的减小和晶格参数的变化是由于对晶体结构峰展宽的更多应变效应。实验观察得到基于表面粗糙度、能隙和折射率的模拟的支持，