Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was synthesized using the traditional hydrothermal method and its characterization as well as adsorption performance of heavy metal ions were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) confirmed hexagonal structures and functional groups. N₂ adsorption-desorption techniques suggested the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area was 26.777 m²/g, indicating the potential in removal process. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) further ensured the possible interactions of ZnO-NPs and heavy metal ions. Batch adsorption experiments showed higher affinity towards Cr³⁺, and the maximal adsorption capacity was 88.547 mg/g at the optimum conditions (pH 3–7, 1 g/L adsorbent, 20 min contacting time, and 20 mg/L initial Cr³⁺ ions). The adsorption process showed best fit with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm model, suggesting a chemisorption procedure and monolayer type removal. The ZnO-NPs could remove Cr³⁺ ions selectively, and hold the potential application for dental wastewater purification treatment.

采用传统的水热法合成了氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs），并对其表征以及对重金属离子的吸附性能进行了研究。X射线衍射（XRD）和傅立叶变换红外（FT-IR）证实了六边形结构和官能团。N ₂吸附-解吸技术表明，Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）的比表面积为26.777 m ² / g，表明了去除过程中的潜力。扫描电子显微镜-能量色散X射线（SEM-EDX）进一步确保了ZnO-NP与重金属离子的可能相互作用。分批吸附实验表明对Cr ³⁺具有更高的亲和力在最佳条件下（pH 3-7、1 g / L吸附剂，20分钟接触时间和20 mg / L初始Cr ³⁺离子），最大吸附容量为88.547 mg / g 。吸附过程显示出最适合拟二阶和Langmuir等温模型，表明化学吸附程序和单层类型去除。ZnO-NPs可以选择性去除Cr ³⁺离子，在牙科废水净化处理中具有潜在的应用前景。