Background

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is an important commercial fruit in southeast Asia and is gaining more attention in recent years because it is juicy and sweet and has a refreshing flavour and an exotic appearance. It is commercialized for fresh consumption and is industrially processed as canned fruit, juices, jams, jellies, marmalades, and spreads. The seed is a major co-product of this industry and is worthy of attention for industrial applications and their feasibility.

Scope and approach

This review describes the composition of the rambutan seed, which is examined from a critical interpretation regarding the suitable use of this co-product. This review also compares the total yield, physicochemical and thermal properties of its fat for the purpose of evaluating the potential of this fruit co-product as a source of natural edible fat with potential industrial uses.

Key findings and conclusions

Rambutan seed is a major co-product of the industry that has high premium-grade fat, protein, carbohydrate, fibre, antioxidants, and phenolic content and that can be used in several segments of the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Rambutan seed powders are also used as local medicine (they contain antidiabetic compounds) in Malaysia. To determine the effectiveness of raw rambutan seeds in treating diseases, in vivo and human clinical studies should be performed. Research should also continue to determine if rambutan seed fat can be fractionated, chemical and enzymatic interesterified, and blended with other fats to make cocoa butter alternatives. Comprehensive studies are needed on rambutan seed to explore more potential industrial applications.

中文翻译：

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红毛丹（Nephelium lappaceum L.）种子的功能和营养特性及其工业应用

背景

红毛丹（Nephelium lappaceum L.）是东南亚重要的商业水果，近年来由于其多汁，甜美，清爽的风味和奇特的外观而受到越来越多的关注。它被商业化以用于新鲜消费，并被工业加工为水果罐头，果汁，果酱，果冻，果酱和果酱。种子是该行业的主要副产品，在工业应用及其可行性方面值得关注。

范围和方法

这篇综述描述了红毛丹种子的组成，从关于该副产品合适用途的严格解释中进行了考察。这篇综述还比较了其脂肪的总产量，理化性质和热学性质，目的是评估这种水果副产品作为天然食用脂肪来源的潜力以及潜在的工业用途。

主要发现和结论

红毛丹种子是该行业的主要副产品，其脂肪，蛋白质，碳水化合物，纤维，抗氧化剂和酚类含量较高，可用于食品，制药和化妆品行业的多个领域。红毛丹籽粉在马来西亚也被用作当地药物（它们含有抗糖尿病化合物）。为了确定生红毛丹种子治疗疾病的有效性，应该进行体内和人类临床研究。研究还应继续确定是否可以对红毛丹种子脂肪进行分馏，化学和酶促酯交换，并与其他脂肪混合制成可可脂替代品。需要对红毛丹种子进行全面研究，以探索更多潜在的工业应用。