Local and global economies are for many nations highly dependent on the import and export of goods. These goods are shipped through global intermodal (IM) freight land-water transportation systems that rely on truck, rail and maritime networks and their IM terminals. These terminals are crucial to creating and maintaining efficient international trade routes. This paper considers port reliability and resilience, as well as the role of ports in supporting a larger resilient maritime system. Specifically, stochastic, bi-level, game theoretic optimization models for assessing and improving the resiliency and reliability of the global port network are presented. Proposed models are devised for a set of independent ports with interacting investment problems for competitive, but potentially cooperative (co-opetitive) environments. Uncertainties in traversal times and port throughput capacities are accounted for by adopting a stochastic optimization method using expected or max-min functions to simultaneously hedge against the consequences of multiple possible future port-related disaster events. Alternative centralized, but stochastic formulations are also provided. This stochastic, co-opetitive methodology and alternative centralized methods fill an important gap in the maritime resiliency literature.

对于许多国家来说，地方和全球经济高度依赖商品的进出口。这些货物通过依赖卡车，铁路和海事网络及其IM终端的全球多式联运（IM）陆上水运系统进行运输。这些码头对于建立和维持有效的国际贸易路线至关重要。本文考虑了港口的可靠性和弹性，以及港口在支持更大的弹性海事系统中的作用。具体来说，提出了用于评估和提高全球港口网络的弹性和可靠性的随机，双层，博弈论优化模型。针对具有竞争性但潜在的合作（竞争）环境的相互作用的投资问题，为一组独立的港口设计了模型。穿越时间和端口吞吐能力的不确定性是通过采用一种随机优化方法来解决的，该方法使用预期或最大-最小函数同时对冲未来可能发生的与港口相关的多种灾难事件的后果。还提供了替代的集中式但随机的公式。这种随机的，竞争性的方法论和替代的集中化方法填补了海上弹性文献中的重要空白。