Abstract Non-fumigant nematicides were evaluated on cucurbits in two commercial farms in 2017 (Cucumis sativus and Cucumis melo) and three commercial farms in 2019 (Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo and Citrullus lanatus). In 2017, non-fumigant nematicides (fluopyram, oxamyl, fluensulphone, and Majestene) were applied as stand-alone rescue treatments in a cucumber and cantaloupe field heavily infested respectively with Meloidogyne javanica and M. hapla. In 2019, non-fumigant nematicides (fluopyram, oxamyl, and Majestene) were applied both as stand-alone treatments, and as mixtures, in (i) a cucumber field (same as 2017) having a high population of M. javanica, (ii) a squash field previously planted with strawberry and having a high population of M. hapla, and (iii) a watermelon field, previously known to have a high population of sting nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus). In 2017, an additional tomato greenhouse study was conducted using the soil from both fields. Both fields in 2017 were re-planted following the rescue nematicide applications, and in the cantaloupe field the new crop established well enough to allow for commercial harvesting. All nematicide treatments in the 2017 cantaloupe field, except for oxamyl, were able to significantly reduce M. hapla root infection after 70 days. Oxamyl did reduce M. javanica root infection in the 2017 cucumber field after 30 days, but the re-planted crop did very poorly, and the field was abandoned after less than one month. In the greenhouse tomato trial, similar trends were observed with better efficacy of the nematicides against M. hapla as compared to M. javanica. In 2019, stand-alone applications of oxamyl and Majestene, and especially the fluopyram + Majestene cocktail significantly reduced the end-season soil population of M. javanica in the cucumber field. No significant effect of any of the products or cocktails was noted on B. longicaudatus in the watermelon field. In the squash field, oxamyl by itself tended to increase soil population of M. hapla, but the mixed application of fluopyram + oxamyl showed some suppression of M. hapla. In both 2017 and 2019 field trials, plant vigor and yield were not significantly affected by the application of any of the nematicides or cocktails. While the nematicides provided better suppression of M. hapla as compared to M. javanica in 2017, the opposite was noted in 2019. This was probably related to the more severe nematode pressure in 2017, especially in the M. javanica field. M. hapla populations tended to decrease during the spring season as soil temperatures increased, while the more tropical B. longicaudatus and especially M. javanica populations increased during the season. Results from this study indicate that although all three nematicides offer an opportunity for cucurbit growers in Florida to help manage nematodes during the cropping season, their efficacy in terms of reducing soil population density or root gall severity, will be dependent on the time of the year, the type of cucurbit that is grown, and the species of nematode present. Some evidence was shown of improved efficacy when nematicide cocktails were applied, but more research is needed to investigate this.

中文翻译：

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葫芦科非熏蒸杀线虫剂的农场评价

摘要 2017 年对两个商品农场（Cucumis sativus 和 Cucumis melo）和 2019 年三个商品农场（Cucumis sativus、Cucurbita pepo 和 Citrullus lanatus）的葫芦科植物进行了非熏蒸杀线虫剂的评估。2017 年，非熏蒸杀线虫剂（氟吡菌酰胺、草酰菌胺、氟磺草胺和 Majestene）在分别受爪哇根结线虫和 M. hapla 严重侵染的黄瓜和哈密瓜田中作为独立的抢救处理应用。2019 年，非熏蒸杀线虫剂（氟吡菌酰胺、草酰菌胺和 Majestene）作为独立处理和混合施用，在（i）具有大量爪哇伊蚊（M. javanica）种群的黄瓜田（与 2017 年相同）中，（ ii) 先前种植了草莓并拥有大量 M. hapla 的南瓜地，以及 (iii) 西瓜地，以前已知有大量的刺线虫（Belonolaimus longicaudatus）。2017 年，使用来自两个领域的土壤进行了额外的番茄温室研究。2017 年，在施救杀线虫剂后重新种植了这两个田地，而在哈密瓜田中，新作物长势良好，可以进行商业收获。2017 年哈密瓜田中的所有杀线虫剂处理（除草酰外）都能够在 70 天后显着减少 M. hapla 根部感染。2017 年黄瓜田 30 天后，奥沙米林确实减少了爪哇分枝杆菌根部感染，但重新种植的作物效果很差，不到 1 个月就废弃了该田。在温室番茄试验中，观察到类似的趋势，与爪哇分枝杆菌相比，杀线虫剂对 M. hapla 的效力更好。2019年，单独施用草酰菌胺和 Majestene，尤其是氟吡菌酰胺 + Majestene 鸡尾酒，显着减少了黄瓜田中爪哇草的季末土壤数量。未发现任何产品或鸡尾酒对西瓜田中的长尾螟有显着影响。在南瓜田中，草酰单药本身倾向于增加 M. hapla 的土壤数量，但氟吡菌酰胺 + 草酰的混合施用对 M. hapla 有一定的抑制作用。在 2017 年和 2019 年的田间试验中，施用任何杀线虫剂或混合剂均未显着影响植物活力和产量。虽然 2017 年杀线虫剂比 M. javanica 更好地抑制了 M. hapla，但 2019 年的情况正好相反。 这可能与 2017 年更严重的线虫压力有关，尤其是在 M. javanica。爪哇油田。随着土壤温度的升高，M. hapla 种群在春季趋于减少，而更热带的 B. longicaudatus 尤其是 M. javanica 种群在该季节增加。这项研究的结果表明，尽管所有三种杀线虫剂都为佛罗里达州的葫芦科种植者提供了在作物季节帮助管理线虫的机会，但它们在降低土壤人口密度或根瘿严重程度方面的功效将取决于一年中的时间，种植的葫芦科植物的类型，以及存在的线虫种类。一些证据表明，使用杀线虫剂鸡尾酒会提高疗效，但需要更多的研究来对此进行调查。longicaudatus 尤其是 M. javanica 种群在本季节增加。这项研究的结果表明，尽管所有三种杀线虫剂都为佛罗里达州的葫芦科种植者提供了在作物季节帮助管理线虫的机会，但它们在降低土壤人口密度或根瘿严重程度方面的功效将取决于一年中的时间，种植的葫芦科植物的类型，以及存在的线虫种类。一些证据表明，使用杀线虫剂鸡尾酒会提高疗效，但需要更多的研究来对此进行调查。longicaudatus 尤其是 M. javanica 种群在本季节增加。这项研究的结果表明，尽管所有三种杀线虫剂都为佛罗里达州的葫芦科种植者提供了在作物季节帮助管理线虫的机会，但它们在降低土壤人口密度或根瘿严重程度方面的功效将取决于一年中的时间，种植的葫芦科植物的类型，以及存在的线虫种类。一些证据表明，使用杀线虫剂鸡尾酒会提高疗效，但需要更多的研究来对此进行调查。它们在降低土壤种群密度或根瘿严重程度方面的功效将取决于一年中的时间、种植的葫芦科植物的类型以及存在的线虫种类。一些证据表明，使用杀线虫剂鸡尾酒会提高疗效，但需要更多的研究来对此进行调查。它们在降低土壤种群密度或根瘿严重程度方面的功效将取决于一年中的时间、种植的葫芦科植物的类型以及存在的线虫种类。一些证据表明，使用杀线虫剂鸡尾酒会提高疗效，但需要更多的研究来对此进行调查。