In-depth analysis of global RNA sequencing has enabled a comprehensive overview of cellular transcriptomes and revealed the pervasive transcription of divergent RNAs from promoter regions across eukaryotic genomes. These studies disclosed that genomes encode a vast repertoire of RNAs beyond the well-known protein-coding messenger RNAs. Furthermore, they have provided novel insights into the regulation of eukaryotic epigenomes, and transcriptomes, including the identification of novel classes of noncoding transcripts, such as the promoter-associated noncoding RNAs (pancRNAs). PancRNAs are defined as transcripts transcribed within few hundred bases from the transcription start sites (TSSs) of protein-coding or non-coding genes. Unlike the long trans-acting ncRNAs that regulate expression of target genes located in different chromosomal domains and displaying their function both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, the pancRNAs operate as cis-acting elements in the transcriptional regulation of neighboring genes. PancRNAs are very recently emerging as key players in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression programs in development and diseases. Herein, we review the complex epigenetic network driven by pancRNAs in eukaryotic cells, their impact on physiological and pathological states, which render them promising targets for novel therapeutic strategies.

中文翻译：

---

在发展和癌症中解剖与启动子相关的非编码RNA的转录调控网络

对全局RNA测序的深入分析已使细胞转录组得以全面概述，并揭示了真核生物基因组中启动子区域发散性RNA的普遍转录。这些研究表明，基因组编码的RNA超过了众所周知的蛋白质编码信使RNA。此外，他们为真核表观基因组和转录组的调控提供了新颖的见解，包括鉴定新型非编码转录本，例如与启动子相关的非编码RNA（pancRNA）。PancRNA定义为从蛋白质编码或非编码基因的转录起始位点（TSS）数百个碱基内转录的转录本。不同于调节位于不同染色体结构域中的靶基因表达并在细胞核和细胞质中均显示其功能的长反式ncRNA，pancRNA在邻近基因的转录调控中起顺式作用元件的作用。最近，PancRNA逐渐成为发展和疾病中基因表达程序的表观遗传调控的关键参与者。在这里，我们审查了由真核细胞中的pancRNA驱动的复杂表观遗传网络，它们对生理和病理状态的影响，使其成为新的治疗策略的有希望的目标。最近，PancRNA逐渐成为发展和疾病中基因表达程序的表观遗传调控的关键参与者。在这里，我们审查了由真核细胞中的pancRNA驱动的复杂表观遗传网络，它们对生理和病理状态的影响，使其成为新的治疗策略的有希望的目标。最近，PancRNA逐渐成为发展和疾病中基因表达程序的表观遗传调控的关键参与者。在这里，我们审查了由真核细胞中的pancRNA驱动的复杂表观遗传网络，它们对生理和病理状态的影响，使其成为新的治疗策略的有希望的目标。