Considering the potential of p16 as a marker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response, the aim of this study was to assess its presence, via immunocytochemistry, in metastatic carcinoma of different primary sites and histological types obtained from effusions and peritoneal washings. A total of 118 samples including 85 of metastatic carcinoma and 33 samples of benign effusion/peritoneal washing were prepared by the plasma/thromboplastin method. Immunocytochemistry reactions were performed on cell block sections using antibodies against p16, claudin-4, MOC-31, calretinin, HBME and CD68. P16 overexpression was observed in 88.23% of all carcinoma samples. All cervix adenocarcinoma samples showed p16 overexpression. Overexpression in adenocarcinomas of ovary, lung and breast was observed in 93.75, 93.10 and 75% of the samples, respectively. Overexpression was observed in all different histological types analyzed: small cell carcinoma (lung), squamous cell carcinoma (cervical) and urothelial carcinoma (bladder). The specificity of p16 for carcinoma detection was of 96.96%. Overexpression of p16 was observed in most metastatic carcinoma, from different primary sites and histological types, obtained from effusions and peritoneal washings. Due to its high frequency of overexpression in metastatic carcinoma, p16 may play a possible role in tumor progression and it may be considered as a complementary diagnostic marker depending on histological type and primary site of carcinoma.

中文翻译：

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P16 作为渗出液和腹膜冲洗液中的癌标志物

考虑到 p16 作为诊断、预后和治疗反应标志物的潜力，本研究的目的是通过免疫细胞化学评估其在不同原发部位和组织学类型的转移性癌中的存在，这些癌是从积液和腹膜冲洗液中获得的。血浆/凝血活酶法共制备118份样本，其中转移癌样本85份，良性渗出液/腹腔冲洗样本33份。使用针对 p16、claudin-4、MOC-31、calretinin、HBME 和 CD68 的抗体对细胞块切片进行免疫细胞化学反应。在所有癌样本的 88.23% 中观察到 P16 过表达。所有宫颈腺癌样本均显示 p16 过表达。分别在 93.75%、93.10% 和 75% 的样本中观察到在卵巢、肺和乳腺腺癌中的过度表达。在分析的所有不同组织学类型中观察到过度表达：小细胞癌（肺）、鳞状细胞癌（宫颈）和尿路上皮癌（膀胱）。p16 检测癌症的特异性为 96.96%。在大多数转移性癌中观察到 p16 的过度表达，这些癌来自不同的原发部位和组织学类型，从积液和腹膜冲洗液中获得。由于其在转移性癌中的高频率过度表达，p16 可能在肿瘤进展中发挥作用，并且根据癌的组织学类型和原发部位，它可以被视为补充诊断标志物。p16 检测癌症的特异性为 96.96%。在大多数转移性癌中观察到 p16 的过度表达，这些癌来自不同的原发部位和组织学类型，从积液和腹膜冲洗液中获得。由于其在转移性癌中的高频率过度表达，p16 可能在肿瘤进展中发挥作用，并且根据癌的组织学类型和原发部位，它可以被视为补充诊断标志物。p16 检测癌症的特异性为 96.96%。在大多数转移性癌中观察到 p16 的过度表达，这些癌来自不同的原发部位和组织学类型，从积液和腹膜冲洗液中获得。由于其在转移性癌中的高频率过度表达，p16 可能在肿瘤进展中发挥作用，并且根据癌的组织学类型和原发部位，它可以被视为补充诊断标志物。