Among numerous compounds found in marine organisms, triterpenes have attracted considerable research interest due to a beneficial impact on health including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, and antioxidation effects. Specifically, new functionalities of oleanolic acid (OLA) have been revealed recently, indicating possible applications in nutrition and pharmaceuticals. However, this bioactive material has limited value due to low water solubility and stability. Therefore, oleanolic acid needs a carrier that protects it and enables controlled release in the human body. Innovative drug delivery systems provide a promising strategy for overcoming these problems. However, the development of those systems requires a comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical properties of triterpenes and their carriers as well as the interactions between them. Among numerous substances, human serum albumin (HSA) has been widely studied as a drug carrier. In addition, human serum albumin is the main blood plasma protein responsible for the transport of drugs and metabolites; therefore, the interactions between that protein and other substances are of physiological and pharmaceutical importance. Moreover, sensing the HSA level in blood plasma is an important challenge that requires binding studies on a molecular scale. The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of oleanolic acid in the presence of human serum albumin in terms of thermodynamics, morphology, and viscoelasticity at the air/water interface. Moreover, the wettability, surface free energy, and topography of the films after deposition on the solid substrate were determined. The results have been discussed in terms of providing physicochemical insight into the interfacial behavior of the OLA–HSA complex, which is crucial for pharmaceutical and bioanalytical applications.

中文翻译：

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齐墩果酸-人血清白蛋白复合物的理化特性，用于制药和生物传感应用。

在海洋生物中发现的众多化合物中，由于对健康的有益影响，包括抗炎，抗肿瘤，抗病毒和抗氧化作用，三萜烯引起了广泛的研究兴趣。具体而言，最近已经公开了齐墩果酸（OLA）的新功能，表明其在营养和药物中的可能应用。然而，由于低水溶性和稳定性，该生物活性材料具有有限的价值。因此，齐墩果酸需要一种保护它并能够在人体中受控释放的载体。创新的药物输送系统提供了解决这些问题的有前途的策略。然而，这些系统的发展需要对三萜及其载体的理化性质以及它们之间的相互作用有全面的了解。在众多物质中，人血清白蛋白（HSA）作为药物载体已被广泛研究。另外，人血清白蛋白是负责药物和代谢物运输的主要血浆蛋白。因此，该蛋白质与其他物质之间的相互作用具有重要的生理和药学意义。而且，感测血浆中的HSA水平是一项重要的挑战，需要在分子水平上进行结合研究。这项研究的目的是从空气/水界面的热力学，形态学和粘弹性方面研究存在人血清白蛋白的齐墩果酸的特性。此外，测定在固体基材上沉积之后的膜的润湿性，表面自由能和形貌。已就提供OLA-HSA复合物界面行为的物理化学见解进行了讨论，这对于药物和生物分析应用至关重要。