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Shifting attributions for poverty motivates opposition to inequality and enhances egalitarianism.
Nature Human Behaviour ( IF 21.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-16 , DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-0835-8
Paul K Piff 1 , Dylan Wiwad 2 , Angela R Robinson 1 , Lara B Aknin 2 , Brett Mercier 1 , Azim Shariff 3
Affiliation  

Amidst rising economic inequality and mounting evidence of its pernicious social effects, what motivates opposition to inequality? Five studies (n = 34,442) show that attributing poverty to situational forces is associated with greater concern about inequality, preference for egalitarian policies and inequality-reducing behaviour. In Study 1, situational attributions for poverty were associated with reduced support for inequality across 34 countries. Study 2 replicated these findings with a nationally representative sample of Americans. Three experiments then tested whether situational attributions for poverty are malleable and motivate egalitarianism. Bolstering situational attributions for poverty through a writing exercise (Study 3) and a computer-based poverty simulation (Studies 4a and b) increased egalitarian action and reduced support for inequality immediately (Studies 3 and 4b), 1 d later and 155 d post-intervention (Study 4b). Causal attributions for poverty offer one accessible means of shaping inequality-reducing attitudes and actions. Situational attributions may be a potent psychological lever for lessening societal inequality.

中文翻译:

贫困的属性改变引起了对不平等的反对,并加剧了平均主义。

在日益加剧的经济不平等和越来越多的证据表明其不利的社会影响之中,是什么促使人们反对不平等?五项研究(n = 34,442)表明,将贫困归因于情势力量与人们更加关注不平等,对平等政策的偏爱以及减少不平等现象的行为有关。在研究1中,贫困的情况归因与34个国家对不平等的支持减少有关。研究2用具有全国代表性的美国人样本复制了这些发现。然后进行了三个实验,测试了贫困的情景归因是否具有延展性并激发了平等主义。通过写作练习(研究3)和基于计算机的贫困模拟(研究4a和b)来增强贫困的情景归因,可以增加平等行动,并立即减少对不平等的支持(研究3和4b),1 d之后和155 d之后干预(研究4b)。贫困的因果归因为塑造减少不平等现象的态度和行动提供了一种容易获得的手段。情境归因可能是减轻社会不平等的有效心理杠杆。
更新日期:2020-04-24
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