Abstract

Osteopenia and osteoporosis are common features in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Moreover, Crohn’s disease is associated with increased fracture risk. The etiology of bone loss in IBD is multifactorial. It includes insufficient intake or absorption of calcium, vitamin D, and potassium; smoking; a low peak bone mass; a low body mass index; and decreased physical activity. In several studies, it has been shown that elevated concentrations of systemic and local pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-17, present in IBD patients are potentially detrimental for bone metabolism and may be responsible for bone loss and increased fracture risk. This perspective aims to review the current literature on the role of inflammatory factors in the pathophysiology of skeletal problems in IBD and to suggest potential treatment to improve bone health, based on a combination of evidence and clinical and pathophysiological reasoning.

中文翻译：

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炎症性肠病骨骼健康的观点

摘要

骨质减少和骨质疏松是包括克罗恩氏病和溃疡性结肠炎在内的炎症性肠病（IBD）的常见特征。此外，克罗恩氏病与骨折风险增加有关。IBD骨丢失的病因是多方面的。它包括钙，维生素D和钾的摄入或吸收不足；抽烟; 峰值骨量低; 体重指数低；并减少运动量。在几项研究中，已显示出升高的全身和局部促炎细胞因子浓度，包括肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α），干扰素-γ（IFNγ），白介素（IL）-1β，IL-4，IL IBD患者中存在的-5，IL-6，IL-13和IL-17可能对骨代谢有害，并且可能导致骨质流失和骨折风险增加。