Abstract Sea level rise (SLR) poses a hazard to assets, ecosystems, and economies in coastal zones, including over 600 million people worldwide who currently reside near estuaries. SLR implications include more frequent oceanic inundation, shoreline erosion, and the failure of stormwater and drainage infrastructure. To predict and manage these potential impacts, a comprehensive understanding of SLR on estuarine hydrodynamics was assessed via a review of existing theory and available literature. The review highlighted that the most common method of assessing SLR impacts in estuaries has been via simplistic static approaches, such as elevation-based water level projections, that are of limited value as they do not include fundamental hydrodynamic responses to estuarine entrance restriction, geometry, bathymetry, friction, and floodplain connectivity. A much smaller number of studies have conducted hydrodynamic modelling of SLR in estuaries showing that estuarine shape, bathymetry, friction, reflection and resonance have a strong influence on estuarine hydrodynamic parameters such as tidal range and asymmetry, saltwater intrusion, and mixing. The majority of the existing SLR estuarine hydrodynamic literature has focused on the influence of estuarine tidal parameters providing conflicting results in terms of influence of SLR on estuarine tidal dynamics and patterns. For most studies, the saltwater intrusion length of the estuary was shown to increase under SLR, whereas very few studies examined the influence of SLR on estuary entrance condition, friction, reflection, resonance, and mixing. A significant knowledge gap identified was the lack of a generic framework to conceptualise how different estuary types respond to SLR based on shape, bathymetry, and entrance condition. To this aim, several conceptual models are introduced to highlight the role of tidal friction, resonance and tidal wave penetration in estuaries under SLR.

中文翻译：

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海平面上升和河口潮汐动力学：综述

摘要 海平面上升 (SLR) 对沿海地区的资产、生态系统和经济构成危害，其中包括全球目前居住在河口附近的 6 亿多人。SLR 的影响包括更频繁的海洋淹没、海岸线侵蚀以及雨水和排水基础设施的故障。为了预测和管理这些潜在影响，通过对现有理论和可用文献的回顾，评估了对 SLR 对河口水动力学的全面了解。审查强调，评估河口 SLR 影响的最常用方法是通过简单的静态方法，例如基于高程的水位预测，其价值有限，因为它们不包括对河口入口限制、几何形状、测深、摩擦和洪泛区连通性。对河口 SLR 进行水动力建模的研究数量要少得多，表明河口形状、水深、摩擦、反射和共振对河口水动力参数有很大影响，例如潮差和不对称性、盐水入侵和混合。大多数现有的 SLR 河口水动力文献都集中在河口潮汐参数的影响上，在 SLR 对河口潮汐动力学和模式的影响方面提供了相互矛盾的结果。大多数研究表明，在 SLR 下河口的盐水入侵长度增加，而很少有研究检查 SLR 对河口入口条件、摩擦、反射、共振和混合的影响。确定的一个重大知识差距是缺乏通用框架来概念化不同的河口类型如何根据形状、水深测量和入口条件对 SLR 做出反应。为此，引入了几个概念模型，以突出 SLR 下河口中潮汐摩擦、共振和潮汐波穿透的作用。