Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global public health problem, which is directly associated with a very high risk of evolving into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). So far, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is still a main detection method for HBV infection in hospital, by which it enables to identify HBV infection in vitro through detection of circulating hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). However, ELISA requires antibody-dependent and enzyme-labeling. What’s worse, ELISA is silent to the type of occult HBV infection, which does not express HBsAg. Thus, it is of significance to establish a favorable alternative to detect HBV-related specific DNA rather than proteins, as well as to avoid antibody and enzyme-labeling assay for unambiguous screening of HBV infection. Herein, we have exploited a ternary nanocube (AgAuPt NCs)-based “off-on” blinking-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor towards detection of HBV-related DNA for the first time, integrated with Pb²⁺-requiring DNAzyme recycling amplification. By this way, the detection limit down to 65 aM is achieved. The unique “off-on” blinking-type ECL biosensor not only overcomes the drawbacks of ELISA towards detection for HBV infection but also provides a potential for clinical application.

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染仍然是全球性的公共卫生问题，与发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）的极高风险直接相关。到目前为止，酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）仍然是医院中HBV感染的主要检测方法，通过它可以在体外鉴定HBV感染。通过检测循环中的乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）。但是，ELISA需要抗体依赖性和酶标记。更糟糕的是，ELISA对隐性HBV感染的类型没有影响，后者不表达HBsAg。因此，重要的是建立一种有利的替代方法来检测HBV相关的特定DNA而不是蛋白质，并且避免抗体和酶标记法可以明确筛查HBV感染。在本文中，我们首次利用基于三元纳米立方（AgAuPt NCs）的“ on-on”闪烁型电化学发光（ECL）生物传感器来检测HBV相关DNA，并与Pb ²⁺-需要DNAzyme循环扩增。通过这种方式，可以实现低至65 aM的检测极限。独特的“关闭”闪烁型ECL生物传感器不仅克服了ELISA在检测HBV感染方面的缺点，而且为临床应用提供了潜力。