Abstract Electrodeposition of Sn within porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template was used to synthesize Sn nanowires. Ag seed layer was sputtered upon AAO template firstly, then the Sn nanowires were electroplated upon the seed layer. After electrodeposition the Ag seed layer was removed and the AAO template was dissolved in order to obtain Sn nanowires finally. The diameter of Sn nanowires was about 200 nm, being consistent with the template pore size, while the length of nanowires had a linear growth rate of approximately 2.49 μm/min. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction revealed that individual Sn nanowire was single crystal without preferential growth direction. The surface of the nanowire was wrapped by a thin SnO film (~5 nm thick), as verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) analyses. The synthesized Sn nanowire powders had a dark brown color, which comes from the surface SnO layer. Through the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, the melting point of Sn nanowires was determined as 231.73 °C, which is about 2.7% lower than the pure Sn particles. Fabrication of Sn nanosolders from Sn nanowires was tried using liquid bath melting method. It was found that Sn nanowires could convert into spheroidal nanosolder in liquid paraffin, which demonstrated a novel technology to fabricate nanosolders used for nanoscale interconnections.

中文翻译：

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模板电沉积法合成锡纳米线及其转化为锡纳米焊料

摘要 Sn 在多孔阳极氧化铝 (AAO) 模板中的电沉积用于合成 Sn 纳米线。先在AAO模板上溅射Ag种子层，然后在种子层上电镀Sn纳米线。电沉积后去除Ag种子层并溶解AAO模板以获得最终Sn纳米线。Sn纳米线的直径约为200 nm，与模板孔径一致，而纳米线的长度线性增长速度约为2.49 μm/min。X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和电子衍射表明，单个 Sn 纳米线是单晶，没有优先生长方向。纳米线的表面被一层薄薄的 SnO 薄膜（~5 nm 厚）包裹，通过透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 观察和 X 射线光电子能谱仪 (XPS) 分析验证。合成的 Sn 纳米线粉末呈深棕色，来自表面的 SnO 层。通过差示扫描量热法 (DSC) 分析，Sn 纳米线的熔点确定为 231.73 °C，比纯 Sn 颗粒低约 2.7%。尝试使用液浴熔化法从 Sn 纳米线制造 Sn 纳米焊料。发现Sn纳米线可以在液体石蜡中转化为球形纳米焊料，这证明了一种制造用于纳米级互连的纳米焊料的新技术。通过差示扫描量热法 (DSC) 分析，Sn 纳米线的熔点确定为 231.73 °C，比纯 Sn 颗粒低约 2.7%。尝试使用液浴熔化法从 Sn 纳米线制造 Sn 纳米焊料。发现Sn纳米线可以在液体石蜡中转化为球形纳米焊料，这证明了一种制造用于纳米级互连的纳米焊料的新技术。通过差示扫描量热法 (DSC) 分析，Sn 纳米线的熔点确定为 231.73 °C，比纯 Sn 颗粒低约 2.7%。尝试使用液浴熔化法从 Sn 纳米线制造 Sn 纳米焊料。发现Sn纳米线可以在液体石蜡中转化为球形纳米焊料，这证明了一种制造用于纳米级互连的纳米焊料的新技术。