Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections are one of the major constraints for grazing sheep and goat production worldwide. Genetic selection for resistant animals is a promising control strategy. Whole-transcriptome analysis via RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) provides knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for complex traits such as resistance to GIN infections. In this study, we used RNA-seq to monitor the dynamics of the response of the abomasal mucosa of Creole goat kids infected with Haemonchus contortus by comparing resistant and susceptible genotypes. A total of 8 cannulated kids, 4 susceptible and 4 resistant to GIN, were infected twice with 10 000 L3 H. contortus. During the second infection, abomasal mucosal biopsies were collected at 0, 8, 15 and 35 days post-infection (dpi) from all kids for RNA-seq analysis. The resistant animals showed early activation of biological processes related to the immune response. The top 20 canonical pathways of differentially expressed genes for different comparison showed activation of the immune response through many relevant pathways including the Th1 response. Interestingly, our results showed a simultaneous time series activation of Th2 related genes in resistant compared to susceptible kids.

中文翻译：

---

响应山羊真胃粘膜的动态变化转录捻转血矛线虫感染

胃肠道线虫（GIN）感染是全世界放牧绵羊和山羊生产的主要限制之一。抗性动物的遗传选择是一种有前途的控制策略。通过RNA测序（RNA-seq）进行的整个转录组分析可提供负责复杂性状（例如对GIN感染的抵抗力）的机制的知识。在这项研究中，我们通过比较抗性和易感基因型，使用RNA-seq监测感染了捻转血矛线虫的克里奥尔山羊孩子的腹部黏膜反应的动力学。总共有8个空心儿童，其中4个对GIN敏感，4个对GIN耐药，被10000 L3 H. contortus感染两次。在第二次感染期间，在感染后第0、8、15和35天（dpi）收集所有患儿的胃黏膜活检标本进行RNA序列分析。抗性动物表现出与免疫反应有关的生物学过程的早期活化。用于不同比较的差异表达基因的前20个规范途径显示免疫应答通过包括Th1应答在内的许多相关途径被激活。有趣的是，我们的结果显示与易感儿童相比，抗性中Th2相关基因的时间序列同时激活。