Dyslipidemia may be defined as increased levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), or a decreased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration. Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate the association of dyslipidemia and CVD events among a population sample from Mashhad, in northeastern Iran. This prospective cohort study comprised a population of 8698 men and women aged 35–65 years who were recruited from the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) study. Socioeconomic and demographic status, anthropometric parameters, laboratory evaluations, lifestyle factors, and medical history were gathered through a comprehensive questionnaire and laboratory and clinical assessment for all participants. Cox regression model and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the association of dyslipidemia and its components with CVD incidence. After 6 years of follow-up, 233 cases of CVD (including 119 cases of unstable angina [US], 74 cases of stable angina [SA], and 40 cases of myocardial infarction [MI]) were identified in the study population. Unadjusted baseline serum LDL-C, TC, and TG levels were positively associated with the risk of total CVD events among the entire population (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–2; P-value< 0.01; HR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.18–1.98; P < 0.01; HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.27–2.03; P < 0.01, respectively). However, after adjusting for confounding factors (age, body mass index [BMI], family history of CVD, smoking status [non-smoker, ex-smoker and current smoker], lipid lowering drug treatment, anti-hypertensive drug treatment, hypertension, healthy eating index [HEI], total energy intake, and presence of diabetes mellitus), a significant direct association only remained between TC and MI risk in men (HR: 2.71; 95%CI: 1.12–6.57; P-value< 0.05). In the present study, TC baseline level was significantly associated with the risk of MI among men.

中文翻译：

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MASHAD研究人群的血脂异常和心血管疾病风险

血脂异常可以定义为血清总胆固醇（TC），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C），甘油三酸酯（TG）升高或血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）浓度降低。血脂异常是心血管疾病（CVD）的既定危险因素。我们旨在调查伊朗东北部Mashhad人群样本中血脂异常与CVD事件的相关性。这项前瞻性队列研究包括了8698名年龄在35-65岁之间的男性和女性，这些人群是从Mashhad中风和心脏动脉粥样硬化性疾病（MASHAD）研究中招募的。社会经济和人口状况，人体测量学参数，实验室评估，生活方式因素，通过全面的问卷调查以及所有参与者的实验室和临床评估来收集病史。使用Cox回归模型和95％置信区间（CI）评估血脂异常及其成分与CVD发生率的关系。经过6年的随访，在研究人群中确定了233例CVD（包括119例不稳定型心绞痛[US]，74例稳定型心绞痛[SA]和40例心肌梗塞[MI]）。未经调整的基线血清LDL-C，TC和TG水平与整个人群中总CVD事件的风险呈正相关（HR：1.54，95％CI：1.19–2; P-值<0.01; HR：1.53; 95 ％CI：1.18–1.98； P <0.01； HR：1.57； 95％CI：1.27–2.03； P <0.01）。但是，在调整了混杂因素（年龄，体重指数[BMI]，CVD家族史，吸烟状况（不吸烟，不吸烟和现在吸烟的人），降脂药物治疗，抗高血压药物治疗，高血压，健康饮食指数[HEI]，总能量摄入以及存在糖尿病） ，仅在男性的TC和MI风险之间仍然存在显着的直接关联（HR：2.71； 95％CI：1.16-6.57； P值<0.05）。在本研究中，TC基线水平与男性中MI的风险显着相关。