Discuss the superiority of laparoscopic orchiopexy in the treatment of inguinal palpable undescended testes. Inclusion criteria: Preoperative examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination confirmed that the testes were located in the inguinal canal and could not be pulled into the scrotum, except for retractive and ectopic testes. The surgical steps were depicted as follow. The retroperitoneal wall was carved by ultrasonic scalpels, separates the spermatic vessels closed to the inferior pole of the kidney if necessary, dissects the peritoneum of vas deferens, cuts the testicular gubernaculum, and pulls back the testicle into the abdominal cavity. Besides, protect the vas deferens, and descend the testes to the scrotum and fix them without tension. There were 773 patients with 869 inguinal undescended palpable testes, 218 cases on the left side, 459 cases on the right side and 96 cases with bilateral undescended testes, whose age ranged from 6 months to 8 years, with an average of 20 months. All testes were successfully operated, no converted to open surgery. The average operation time was (34.8 ± 5.4) min. There were 692 testes have an ipsilateral patent processus vaginalis (89.5%); In 677 cases of unilateral cryptorchidism, 233 cases (34.4%) have a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure the hernia sac carry out during the surgery. There was no subcutaneous emphysema during the operation, no vomiting, no abdominal distension, no wound bleeding and obvious pain after surgery, especially wound infection is rarely. Doppler ultrasound was evaluated regularly after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months. All the testes were located in the scrotum without testicular retraction and atrophy. No inguinal hernia or hydrocele was found in follow-up examination. Laparoscopic orchiopexy manage inguinal palpable cryptorchidism is safe and effective, and there are obvious minimally invasive advantages. Furthermore, It could discover a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and treat at the same time, which avoid the occurrence of metachronous inguinal hernia.

中文翻译：

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可触及的未降睾丸的腹腔镜睾丸检查_单个大专院校的经验超过773例

讨论腹腔镜睾丸检查在腹股沟可触及未降睾丸治疗中的优势。纳入标准：术前检查和彩色多普勒超声检查证实，睾丸位于腹股沟管内，除牵拉和异位睾丸外，不能拉入阴囊。手术步骤描述如下。腹膜后壁用超声解剖刀雕刻，必要时分离封闭于肾下极的精索血管，切开输精管的腹膜，切开睾丸gubernaculum，并将睾丸拉回到腹腔。此外，保护输精管，使睾丸下降到阴囊，并在没有张力的情况下固定它们。有773例腹股沟未降触睾丸患者773例，左侧218例，右侧459例，双侧睾丸未下降者96例，年龄从6个月到8岁不等，平均20个月。所有睾丸均已成功手术，未进行开腹手术。平均操作时间为（34.8±5.4）分钟。有692例睾丸有同侧阴道未闭（89.5％）；在677例单侧隐睾症患者中，有233例（34.4％）具有对侧阴道阴道未闭，并在手术期间进行腹腔镜经皮腹膜外疝囊封闭术。手术中无皮下气肿，无呕吐，无腹胀，无伤口出血，术后无明显疼痛，尤其是伤口感染很少。手术后定期评估多普勒超声。对患者进行了6至18个月的随访。所有睾丸均位于阴囊内，无睾丸缩回和萎缩。随访检查未发现腹股沟疝或鞘膜积液。腹腔镜睾丸手术治疗腹股沟触诊隐睾症是安全有效的，并且具有明显的微创优势。此外，它还可以发现对侧的阴道无侧突，并同时进行治疗，避免发生异时性腹股沟疝。