To study the morphologic and biochemical changes in the retina and sclera induced by form deprivation high myopia (FDHM) in guinea pigs and explore the possible mechanisms of FDHM formation. Forty 3-week-old guinea pigs were randomized into the blank control (Group I, 20 cases) and model groups (20 cases). In the model group, the right eyes of the guinea pigs were sutured for 8 weeks to induce FDHM (Group II) and the left eyes were considered a self-control group (Group III). The refractive errors were measured with retinoscopy. The anterior chamber depth (AC), lens thickness (L), vitreous chamber depth (V) and axial length (AL) were measured using ultrasonometry A. Retinal and scleral morphology and ultrastructural features were observed with light and electron microscopy. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the retina and sclera were detected with a chemical colorimetric assay. After 8 weeks of stitching, the refractive errors of Group II changed from (+ 3.59 ± 0.33) D to (− 7.96 ± 0.55) D, and these values were significantly higher than those of Group I (+ 0.89 ± 0.32) D and Group III (− 0.55 ± 0.49) D (P < 0.05). The vitreous chamber depth (4.12 ± 0.13) mm and axial length (8.93 ± 0.22) mm of Group II were significantly longer than those of Group I [(3.71 ± 0.23) mm and (7.95 ± 0.37) mm, respectively] and Group III [(3.93 ± 0.04) mm and (8.01 ± 0.15) mm, respectively] (P < 0.05). With the prolongation of form deprivation (FD), the retina and scleral tissues showed thinning, the ganglion cell and inner and outer nuclear layers of the retina became decreased, and the arrangement was disordered. In Group II, the SOD activity was significantly lower than that in Group I and Group III; the MDA content was significantly higher than that in Group I and Group III. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that in the FDHM guinea pigs model, the refractive errors, the vitreous chamber depth, and axial length increased significantly with prolongation of monocular FD time, and morphological structural changes in the retina and sclera were observed. Oxygen free radicals might participate in the formation of FDHM.

中文翻译：

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高度剥夺性近视豚鼠诱发的视网膜和巩膜的形态和生化变化

目的研究豚鼠体格剥夺性高度近视（FDHM）引起的视网膜和巩膜的形态和生化变化，探讨FDHM形成的可能机制。将40只3周龄的豚鼠随机分为空白对照组（I组，20例）和模型组（20例）。在模型组中，将豚鼠的右眼缝合8周以诱导FDHM（II组），并且将左眼视为自我控制组（III组）。用检影法测量屈光不正。使用超声测定仪A测量前房深度（AC），晶状体厚度（L），玻璃体房深度（V）和轴长（AL）。通过光学和电子显微镜观察视网膜和巩膜的形态以及超微结构特征。用化学比色法检测视网膜和巩膜中的丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。缝合8周后，第II组的屈光不正从（+ 3.59±0.33）D变为（-7.96±0.55）D，并且这些值明显高于第I组（+ 0.89±0.32）D和第I组III（-0.55±0.49）D（P <0.05）。第二组的玻璃体腔深度（4.12±0.13）mm和轴向长度（8.93±0.22）mm明显长于第一组[分别为（3.71±0.23）mm和（7.95±0.37）mm]和第三组。 [分别为（3.93±0.04）mm和（8.01±0.15）mm]（P <0.05）。随着形式剥夺（FD）的延长，视网膜和巩膜组织变薄，神经节细胞以及视网膜的内外核层减少，而且安排混乱。在第二组中，SOD活性明显低于第一组和第三组。MDA含量明显高于第一组和第三组。差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。这些发现表明，在FDHM豚鼠模型中，屈光不正，玻璃体腔深度和轴长随单眼FD时间的延长而显着增加，并且观察到了视网膜和巩膜的形态结构变化。氧自由基可能参与FDHM的形成。这些发现表明，在FDHM豚鼠模型中，屈光不正，玻璃体腔深度和轴长随单眼FD时间的延长而显着增加，并且观察到了视网膜和巩膜的形态结构变化。氧自由基可能参与FDHM的形成。这些发现表明，在FDHM豚鼠模型中，屈光不正，玻璃体腔深度和轴长随单眼FD时间的延长而显着增加，并且观察到了视网膜和巩膜的形态结构变化。氧自由基可能参与FDHM的形成。