Nucleic Acid Immunotherapeutics for Cancer,ACS Applied Bio Materials

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Nucleic Acid Immunotherapeutics for Cancer
ACS Applied Bio Materials ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00101
Tingting Shen _{1,

2} , Yu Zhang _{2,

3} , Shurong Zhou ₂ , Shuibin Lin ₃ , Xiao-Bing Zhang ₁ , Guizhi Zhu ₂

Affiliation

The past decade has witnessed the blossom of two fields: nucleic acid therapeutics and cancer immunotherapy. Unlike traditional small molecule medicines or protein biologics, nucleic acid therapeutics have characteristic features such as storing genetic information, immunomodulation, and easy conformational recovery. Immunotherapy uses the patients’ own immune system to treat cancer. A variety of strategies have been developed for cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive cell transfer therapy, therapeutic vaccines, and oncolytic virotherapy. Interestingly, nucleic acid therapeutics have emerged as a pivotal class of regimen for cancer immunotherapy. Examples of such nucleic acid immunotherapeutics include immunostimulatory DNA/RNA, mRNA/plasmids that can be translated into immunotherapeutic proteins/peptides, and genome-editing nucleic acids. Like many other therapeutic nucleic acids, nucleic acid immunotherapeutics often require chemical modifications to protect them from enzymatic degradation and need drug delivery systems for optimal delivery to target tissues and cells and subcellular locations. In this review, we attempted to summarize recent advancement in the interfacial field of nucleic acid immunotherapeutics for cancer treatment.

中文翻译：

核酸免疫治疗癌症

过去十年见证了两个领域的发展：核酸治疗和癌症免疫治疗。与传统的小分子药物或蛋白质生物制剂不同，核酸治疗剂具有诸如存储遗传信息，免疫调节和易于构象恢复的特征。免疫疗法利用患者自身的免疫系统来治疗癌症。已经开发出用于癌症免疫疗法的多种策略，包括免疫检查点阻断，过继细胞转移疗法，治疗性疫苗和溶瘤病毒疗法。有趣的是，核酸治疗已成为癌症免疫治疗的关键方案。此类核酸免疫治疗剂的例子包括免疫刺激性DNA / RNA，mRNA /质粒，它们可以翻译成免疫治疗性蛋白质/肽，和基因组编辑核酸。像许多其他治疗性核酸一样，核酸免疫疗法通常需要进行化学修饰以保护其免于酶促降解，并且需要药物输送系统以最佳地输送至靶组织和细胞以及亚细胞位置。在这篇综述中，我们试图总结核酸免疫疗法在癌症治疗领域中的最新进展。

更新日期：2020-03-16

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