Development and Operations (DevOps), a particular type of Continuous Software Engineering, has become a popular Software System Engineering paradigm. Software architecture is critical in succeeding with DevOps. However, there is little evidence-based knowledge of how software systems are architected in the industry to enable and support DevOps. Since architectural decisions, along with their rationales and implications, are very important in the architecting process, we performed an industrial case study that has empirically identified and synthesized the key architectural decisions considered essential to DevOps transformation by two software development teams. Our study also reveals that apart from the chosen architecture style, DevOps works best with modular architectures. In addition, we found that the performance of the studied teams can improve in DevOps if operations specialists are added to the teams to perform the operations tasks that require advanced expertise. Finally, investment in testing is inevitable for the teams if they want to release software changes faster.

中文翻译：

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关于软件架构在 DevOps 转型中的作用：一个工业案例研究

开发和运营 (DevOps) 是一种特殊类型的持续软件工程，已成为流行的软件系统工程范式。软件架构对于 DevOps 的成功至关重要。然而，关于如何在行业中构建软件系统以启用和支持 DevOps 的循证知识很少。由于架构决策及其基本原理和含义在架构过程中非常重要，因此我们进行了一项行业案例研究，该研究通过经验确定并综合了两个软件开发团队认为对 DevOps 转型至关重要的关键架构决策。我们的研究还表明，除了所选择的架构风格之外，DevOps 最适合模块化架构。此外，我们发现，如果将运维专家添加到团队中来执行需要高级专业知识的运维任务，那么所研究团队的绩效可以在 DevOps 中得到提高。最后，如果团队想要更快地发布软件更改，则对测试的投资是不可避免的。