The involvement of stress granules in aging and aging-associated diseases.,Aging Cell

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The involvement of stress granules in aging and aging-associated diseases.
Aging Cell ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 , DOI: 10.1111/acel.13136
Xiuling Cao ₁ , Xuejiao Jin ₁ , Beidong Liu _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Stress granules (SGs) are nonmembrane assemblies formed in cells in response to stress conditions. SGs mainly contain untranslated mRNA and a variety of proteins. RNAs and scaffold proteins with intrinsically disordered regions or RNA‐binding domains are essential for the assembly of SGs, and multivalent macromolecular interactions among these components are thought to be the driving forces for SG assembly. The SG assembly process includes regulation through post‐translational modification and involvement of the cytoskeletal system. During aging, many intracellular bioprocesses become disrupted by factors such as cellular environmental changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and decline in the protein quality control system. Such changes could lead to the formation of aberrant SGs, as well as alterations in their maintenance, disassembly, and clearance. These aberrant SGs might in turn promote aging and aging‐associated diseases. In this paper, we first review the latest progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying SG assembly and SG functioning under stress conditions. Then, we provide a detailed discussion of the relevance of SGs to aging and aging‐associated diseases.

中文翻译：

应激颗粒参与衰老和衰老相关疾病。

应力颗粒（SGs）是响应压力条件而在细胞中形成的非膜组件。SG主要包含未翻译的mRNA和多种蛋白质。具有内在无序区域或RNA结合结构域的RNA和支架蛋白对于SG的组装至关重要，这些组分之间的多价大分子相互作用被认为是SG组装的驱动力。SG组装过程包括通过翻译后修饰和参与细胞骨架系统进行调控。在衰老过程中，许多细胞内生物过程受到诸如细胞环境变化，线粒体功能障碍和蛋白质质量控制体系下降等因素的干扰。此类更改可能会导致异常SG的形成，以及对其维护，拆卸，和清除。这些异常的SG可能反过来促进衰老和衰老相关疾病。在本文中，我们首先回顾了在压力条件下SG组装和SG功能的分子机制的最新进展。然后，我们详细讨论了SG与衰老和衰老相关疾病的相关性。

更新日期：2020-03-14

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