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Changes in multiple environmental factors additively enhance the dominance of an exotic plant with a novel trade‐off pattern
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-13 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13386 Shiyun Qiu 1 , Shuangshuang Liu 1 , Shujuan Wei 1 , Xinhong Cui 2 , Ming Nie 1 , Jingxin Huang 3 , Qiang He 1 , Rui‐Ting Ju 1 , Bo Li 1
中文翻译：
多种环境因素的变化以一种新颖的权衡模式加深了外来植物的主导地位
更新日期：2020-03-13
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-13 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13386 Shiyun Qiu 1 , Shuangshuang Liu 1 , Shujuan Wei 1 , Xinhong Cui 2 , Ming Nie 1 , Jingxin Huang 3 , Qiang He 1 , Rui‐Ting Ju 1 , Bo Li 1
Affiliation
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- Whether global changes impact native and exotic species differently is unclear, because the changes may favour both native and exotic species over competitors. Previous studies have mainly focused on the separate effects of different environmental changes, but plant communities are influenced by the changes in multiple environmental factors, and it is still unclear whether native and exotic species respond similar to the combined effects of these factors.
- We hypothesized that differences in interspecific trade‐offs between native and exotic species can lead to the dominance of exotic species when the species are simultaneously subjected to multiple environmental changes.
- Using coastal saltmarsh plant communities as the study system, we experimentally manipulated flooding and nutrient enrichment, examined the interspecific trade‐offs between competitiveness and stress tolerance for two native and one exotic species, and explored the combined effect of the two environmental changes on both native–native and native–exotic species interactions.
- We found that flooding and nutrient enrichment oppositely affected native–native species interactions but additively affected native–exotic species interactions. The two factors together resulted in no net change in the relative advantages between the two native species but enhanced the dominance of the exotic species over the native species. This disparity occurred because the exotic species was not subject to the interspecific trade‐off between competitiveness and stress tolerance that constrained the native species.
- Synthesis. Our results suggest that changes in multiple environmental factors favour exotic species because of evolutionary novel trade‐off patterns. Mechanisms underlying species coexistence in the invaded community such as interspecific trade‐offs need to be considered when future attempts are made to predict the effects of global changes on biological invasions.
中文翻译：
多种环境因素的变化以一种新颖的权衡模式加深了外来植物的主导地位
- 目前尚不清楚全球变化是否会以不同方式影响本地和外来物种，因为这些变化可能会比竞争对手更有利于本地和外来物种。先前的研究主要集中在不同环境变化的单独影响上，但是植物群落受到多种环境因素变化的影响，目前尚不清楚本地和外来物种是否对这些因素的综合影响做出类似反应。
- 我们假设，当物种同时受到多种环境变化时，本地物种与外来物种之间种间权衡的差异会导致外来物种的优势。
- 以沿海盐沼植物群落为研究系统，我们实验性地控制了洪水和养分富集，研究了两种本土物种和一种外来物种的竞争力与胁迫耐受性之间的种间权衡，并探讨了两种环境变化对两种本土物种的综合影响。 –本地和本地–外来物种相互作用。
- 我们发现洪水和养分富集相反地影响了本地与本地物种之间的相互作用，但又相加地影响了本地与外来物种之间的相互作用。这两个因素共同导致两个本地物种之间的相对优势没有丝毫变化，但增强了外来物种相对于本地物种的优势。之所以出现这种差异，是因为外来物种没有在竞争性和胁迫耐受性之间进行种间权衡，而这种折衷限制了本土物种。
- 合成。我们的结果表明，由于进化的新颖权衡模式，多种环境因素的变化有利于外来物种。在将来尝试预测全球变化对生物入侵的影响时，需要考虑被入侵物种中物种共存的机制，例如种间权衡。
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