Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is a promising technology to realize communications among vehicles in intelligent transportation systems. Conventional VANET utilizes radio frequency (RF) for vehicle to vehicle communications. However, as the vehicle density increases, RF-based VANET suffers from limited bandwidth and unavoidable interference. Visible light communication (VLC) is emerging as a complement candidate, which possesses the advantages of wide spectrum, high power efficiency and low interference, but also has the drawback of limited communication range. Therefore, the hybrid VLC/RF structure is beneficial to an efficient and reliable VANET. Since there are usually no center infrastructures in VANET and different vehicles could have different preferences, the distributed and non-cooperative topology control (TC) should be investigated for the establishment of VLC and RF links among various vehicles to satisfy some properties, e.g., interference level, power consumption, connectivity and delay requirements. Conventional TC schemes designed particularly for RF-based ad-hoc network can not be applied directly due to the distinctive features of VLC and RF links. In this paper, the TC problem for the hybrid VLC/RF VANET is modeled as a potential game. When considering the different features of the two kinds of links, a distributed TC algorithm is proposed to handle the TC game, in which the RF and VLC transmitting power of each vehicle is locally adapted based on the vehicle’s local knowledge about the VANET topology and can converge to a Nash Equilibrium state.

中文翻译：

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混合 VLC/RF 车载自组织网络中的拓扑控制

车辆自组织网络（VANET）是一种很有前途的技术，可以在智能交通系统中实现车辆之间的通信。传统的 VANET 使用射频 (RF) 进行车辆到车辆的通信。然而，随着车辆密度的增加，基于射频的 VANET 受到带宽有限和不可避免的干扰的影响。可见光通信（VLC）作为一种补充候选者正在兴起，它具有宽光谱、高功率效率和低干扰的优点，但也存在通信范围有限的缺点。因此，混合 VLC/RF 结构有利于高效可靠的 VANET。由于 VANET 通常没有中心基础设施，不同的车辆可能有不同的偏好，为了在各种车辆之间建立 VLC 和 RF 链路，应研究分布式和非合作拓扑控制 (TC)，以满足某些特性，例如干扰水平、功耗、连接性和延迟要求。由于 VLC 和 RF 链路的独特特征，专门为基于 RF 的 ad-hoc 网络设计的传统 TC 方案不能直接应用。在本文中，混合 VLC/RF VANET 的 TC 问题被建模为一个潜在的游戏。考虑到两种链路的不同特点，提出了一种分布式TC算法来处理TC博弈，其中每辆车的RF和VLC发射功率根据车辆对VANET拓扑的局部知识进行局部调整，并且可以收敛到纳什均衡状态。