We demonstrate a high power two-dimensional vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array cooled by liquid metal. An output power of 1.1 kW at 808 nm with 39% power conversion efficiency (PCE) is obtained under continuous-wave (CW) operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest output power reported for a laser diode array with liquid metal cooling. Moreover, the wavelength drift is only 1.2 nm from lasing threshold to 1.1 kW output power. Using this laser diode array as pumping module, a solid-state Nd:YAG slab laser at 1064 nm reaches 312 W output power. This verifies that the laser diode array cooled by liquid metal can be used as a pumping source for high power lasers. The higher power scaling can be achieved by two-dimensional geometric extension to the macro-channel heat sink and increasing the flux of the liquid metal.

中文翻译：

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由液态金属冷却的波长稳定的 1.1 kW 二极管激光器阵列

我们展示了一种由液态金属冷却的高功率二维垂直腔面发射激光器 (VCSEL) 阵列。在连续波 (CW) 操作下，808 nm 处的输出功率为 1.1 kW，功率转换效率 (PCE) 为 39%。据我们所知，这是采用液态金属冷却的激光二极管阵列的最高输出功率。此外，从激光阈值到 1.1 kW 输出功率的波长漂移仅为 1.2 nm。使用该激光二极管阵列作为泵浦模块，1064 nm 的固态 Nd:YAG 板条激光器达到 312 W 的输出功率。这验证了液态金属冷却的激光二极管阵列可以用作高功率激光器的泵浦源。通过对大通道散热器进行二维几何扩展并增加液态金属的通量，可以实现更高的功率缩放。