Innovation is a key driver of economic growth and competitiveness, and innovation clusters house much of the innovation generating high-tech and creative industries. These clusters, as a land use type, evolved overtime in terms of their functions, features, and spatial characteristics. This has led to their reconceptualization from a ‘science and technology park’ model to a ‘innovation district’ model. The key functional and spatial characteristics of innovation districts vary due to the local contextual factors. This makes the determination of the generic typologies of innovation districts challenging, and hence an understudied area of research. This paper aims to expand our understanding on the classification of innovation districts based on their key characteristics. The methodological approach of the study employs a systematic review of the literature on innovation districts, and places global case studies under the microscope. The results point to a holistic approach for the classification of innovation districts through three key factors—(a) Function; (b) Feature, and; (c) Space-use—and their 28 indicators. Each of these factors along with the broader ‘context’, as the fourth one, forms a cornerstone of a conceptual typology framework. The study findings consolidate our understanding on innovation districts, and informs policymaking mechanisms on their planning and development.

中文翻译：

---

当代创新区如何划分？文献系统回顾

创新是经济增长和竞争力的关键驱动力，而创新集群包含了大部分产生高科技和创意产业的创新。这些集群作为一种土地利用类型，在其功能、特征和空间特征方面随着时间的推移不断演变。这导致他们从“科技园区”模式重新定义为“创新区”模式。创新区的关键功能和空间特征因当地环境因素而异。这使得确定创新区的一般类型具有挑战性，因此是一个研究不足的领域。本文旨在扩大我们对基于关键特征的创新区分类的理解。该研究的方法论采用了对创新区文献的系统回顾，并将全球案例研究置于显微镜下。结果指出了通过三个关键因素对创新区进行分类的整体方法——(a) 功能；(b) 特征，以及；(c) 空间使用——及其 28 项指标。这些因素中的每一个以及更广泛的“背景”，作为第四个因素，构成了概念类型学框架的基石。研究结果巩固了我们对创新区的理解，并为政策制定机制提供了有关其规划和发展的信息。(c) 空间使用——及其 28 项指标。这些因素中的每一个以及更广泛的“背景”，作为第四个因素，构成了概念类型学框架的基石。研究结果巩固了我们对创新区的理解，并为政策制定机制提供了有关其规划和发展的信息。(c) 空间使用——及其 28 项指标。这些因素中的每一个以及更广泛的“背景”，作为第四个因素，构成了概念类型学框架的基石。研究结果巩固了我们对创新区的理解，并为政策制定机制提供了有关其规划和发展的信息。