JAK/STAT signaling pathway was suggested to enhance the infection of WSSV in crustaceans. However, the regulation mechanism of this process is not quite clear. Here, comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed among shrimps before and after Litopenaeus vannamei STAT (LvSTAT) was silenced by dsRNA approach during WSSV infection. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common in the STAT-interfered groups and control groups at different times after WSSV infection were analyzed to acquire the genes probably regulated by LvSTAT. DEGs annotation and further GO terms enrichment analyses revealed that the identified DEGs mainly contained two categories, chitin-binding domain containing proteins and energy metabolism related genes. The former mainly included cuticle proteins, thrombospondins (TSPs) and peritrophin, while the later mainly included hexose catabolic process and glycolysis related genes. Two cuticle proteins and two TSPs were further studied to learn their expression changes during WSSV infection. They were significantly regulated during WSSV infection, implying the involvement of chitin-binding domain containing protein in the invasion process of WSSV. Systematic analysis on the glycolysis and lipid synthesis pathway demonstrated that silencing of LvSTAT could reduce the glycolysis efficiency and the production of lipids. It could be speculated that a favorable function of LvSTAT for WSSV replication existed by regulating the energy metabolism of the host. Through revealing the main category of genes and biological processes regulated by STAT, our study could shed new light on the roles of JAK/STAT signaling pathway in shrimp during virus infection.

建议JAK / STAT信号通路增强甲壳动物中WSSV的感染。但是，该过程的调节机制尚不清楚。在这里，对虾进行南美白对虾STAT（LvSTAT）前后的转录组分析）在WSSV感染期间被dsRNA方法沉默。分析WSSV感染后不同时间在STAT干扰组和对照组中常见的差异表达基因（DEG），以获取可能受LvSTAT调控的基因。DEGs注释和进一步的GO术语富集分析表明，鉴定出的DEGs主要包含两类，即含有几丁质结合域的蛋白质和与能量代谢相关的基因。前者主要包括表皮蛋白，血小板反应蛋白（TSPs）和促肾上腺皮质激素，而后者主要包括己糖分解代谢过程和糖酵解相关基因。进一步研究了两种表皮蛋白和两种TSP，以了解它们在WSSV感染期间的表达变化。在WSSV感染期间，它们受到了严格的调节，暗示含几丁质结合结构域的蛋白质参与了WSSV的入侵过程。对糖酵解和脂质合成途径的系统分析表明，沉默LvSTAT可以降低糖酵解效率和脂质的产生。可以推测，通过调节宿主的能量代谢，LvSTAT对于WSSV复制具有有利的功能。通过揭示STAT调控的基因和生物学过程的主要类别，我们的研究可以为病毒感染期间JAK / STAT信号通路在虾中的作用提供新的思路。