Largemouth bass ulcerative syndrome virus (LBUSV) is an important virus induce the mortality of largemouth bass (Micropterus Salmoides). In this study, we reported a single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) containing LBUSV major capsid protein (MCP) subunit vaccine (SWCNTs-MCP) which was evaluated for its protective effect on largemouth bass by immersion immunization. We found an elevation in serum antibody levels, enzyme activities, complement C3 content and immune-related genes (IgM, TGF-β, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and CD4) expression, in the SWCNTs-MCP immunized groups compared with the pure MCP group. The survival rates for control group, pure MCP protein groups (40 mg L⁻¹) and four SWCNTs-MCP groups (5 mg L⁻¹, 10 mg L⁻¹, 20 mg L⁻¹ and 40 mg L⁻¹) were 0%, 27.78%, 30.56%, 50.00%, 66.67% and 80.56%, respectively. The results suggests that with the assistance of SWCNTs, the immune protection of the SWCNTs-MCP group (40 mg L⁻¹) increased up 52.78%–80.1% compared with pure MCP group (40 mg L⁻¹). Our results demonstrate that the single-walled carbon nanotube subunit vaccine can be used as a new immunization method against LBUSV showing protection following challenge with LBUSV. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the single-walled carbon nanotube subunit vaccine can be used as a new method against LBUSV and have a high immune protection during the largemouth bass farm.

大嘴鲈鱼溃疡综合症病毒（LBUSV）是引起大嘴鲈鱼死亡的重要病毒（Micropterus Salmoides）。在这项研究中，我们报告了包含LBUSV主要衣壳蛋白（MCP）亚单位疫苗（SWCNTs-MCP）的单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT），通过浸没免疫评估了其对大口黑鲈的保护作用。我们发现SWCNTs-MCP免疫组的血清抗体水平，酶活性，补体C3含量和免疫相关基因（IgM，TGF-β，IL-1β，IL-8，TNF-α和CD4）表达升高与纯MCP组相比。对照组，纯MCP蛋白组（40 mg L ^-1）和四个SWCNTs-MCP组（5 mg L ^-1，10 mg L ^-1，20 mg L^-1和40 mg L ^-1）分别为0％，27.78％，30.56％，50.00％，66.67％和80.56％。结果表明，在SWCNTs的帮助下，SWCNTs-MCP组（40 mg L ^-1）的免疫保护性比纯MCP组（40 mg L ^-1）增加了52.78％–80.1％。我们的结果表明，单壁碳纳米管亚单位疫苗可作为一种针对LBUSV的新型免疫方法，在受到LBUSV攻击后显示出保护作用。综上所述，我们的结果表明，单壁碳纳米管亚单位疫苗可作为抗LBUSV的新方法，并在大嘴鲈鱼养殖场中具有高度的免疫保护作用。