The individual difference in valuing immediate and future outcomes is referred to as consideration of future consequences (CFC, including CFC-Future [CFC-F] and CFC-Immediate [CFC-I]), which significantly influences daily behaviour. Although CFC is believed to be affected by brain features and personalities, the relational model of brain correlates, personalities and CFC has yet to be determined. This study was designed to explore the brain structure related to CFC-F and CFC-I and the mediating role of conscientiousness. We adopted a voxel-based morphometry study and used grey matter density (GMD) as an indication of brain structure. The results showed that GMD in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) was positively associated with CFC-F; however, we did not find relevant regions affecting CFC-I. Furthermore, conscientiousness was found to mediate the relationship between GMD in the VMPFC and CFC-F. This study provides initial evidence concerning the neural basis of CFC-F and argues that the features of brain structure could be associated with CFC-F through related high-order personality traits. Additionally, the distinction between CFC-F and CFC-I may be based on differences in brain structure.

在评估近期和未来结果时的个体差异被称为对未来结果的考虑（CFC，包括CFC-Future [CFC-F]和CFC-Immediate [CFC-I]），它们会极大地影响日常行为。尽管人们认为CFC受大脑特征和性格的影响，但尚未确定大脑相关性，性格和CFC的关系模型。这项研究旨在探讨与CFC-F和CFC-I相关的大脑结构以及尽责性的中介作用。我们采用了基于体素的形态学研究，并使用灰质密度（GMD）作为大脑结构的指标。结果表明，腹侧前额叶皮层（VMPFC）中的GMD与CFC-F正相关。但是，我们没有发现影响CFC-1的相关区域。此外，还发现尽职调查可以调解VMPFC中的GMD与CFC-F之间的关系。这项研究提供了有关CFC-F的神经基础的初步证据，并认为大脑结构特征可能通过相关的高阶人格特质与CFC-F相关。另外，CFC-F和CFC-1之间的区别可能基于大脑结构的差异。