Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly heterogeneous joint disease characterized by joint pain and a progressive loss of articular cartilage. The therapeutic potential of using probiotics to treat OA has only recently been recognized, with a small number of animal and human studies having been undertaken. Transfigurations of gut microbiota, as well as the favorable results associated with it, can be reached by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including physical exercises, healthy diet enriched with vitamins, minerals, prebiotics and probiotics, and regular sleeping habits. The mechanisms of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis are multifactorial and several nutritional constituents can be aimed at numerous pathways, what brings out corresponding results. We considered, that the treatment with probiotics and/or prebiotics plus chondroprotectors and/or glucosamine may increase the chances for successful convalescence. Still there are very few studies evidencing the results of such treatment option. Future research should focus on describing the mode of action and efficacy of this kind of combined treatment, taking into account personal characteristics of patients.

骨关节炎（OA）是一种高度异质的关节疾病，其特征在于关节痛和关节软骨的逐渐丧失。使用益生菌治疗OA的治疗潜力直到最近才被确认，并且已经进行了少量的动物和人类研究。通过维持健康的生活方式，包括体育锻炼，富含维生素，矿物质，益生元和益生菌的健康饮食以及规律的睡眠习惯，可以实现肠道微生物群的变形以及与之相关的良好结果。骨关节炎中软骨降解的机制是多方面的，几种营养成分可以针对多种途径，从而带来相应的结果。我们考虑过 益生菌和/或益生元加软骨保护剂和/或葡萄糖胺的治疗可能会增加成功康复的机会。仍然很少有研究证明这种治疗方案的结果。未来的研究应着重于描述这种联合治疗的作用方式和功效，同时考虑到患者的个人特征。