The continuous advances in smart and multifunctional materials and the corresponding growth of the Internet of Things require novel battery concepts with improved integration in different substrates and devices, leading to more efficient energy storage devices with higher power and energy density. These new batteries can be obtained through printing technologies, as they present interesting characteristics such as being thin, flexible, low cost and eco-friendlier, for an increasing number of applications such as smart cards, radio-frequency identification, portable medical diagnostic systems and sensors, among others. Further, printing technologies allow simple and low-cost up-scaling and, therefore, rapid technology transfer. The present review summarizes the recent advances in 2D and 3D printed batteries. 2D and 3D printing technologies are summarized and the state of the art on printed batteries is presented, divided by lithium batteries, Zn/MnO₂ batteries, and other battery types. In recent years, printed batteries are being intensively developed by 3D printing technologies, where further developments in ink properties, compatibility with the manufacturing process and integration with devices are still required. In this context, the future challenges in the area of printed batteries are also presented and discussed.

智能和多功能材料的不断发展以及物联网的相应增长，需要新颖的电池概念以及在不同基板和设备中的集成度得到改善，从而导致具有更高功率和能量密度的更高效的储能设备。这些新型电池可通过印刷技术获得，因为它们具有有趣的特性，如轻巧，灵活，成本低廉，对生态友好，可用于越来越多的应用，例如智能卡，射频识别，便携式医疗诊断系统和传感器等。此外，打印技术允许简单且低成本的扩展规模，因此可以快速进行技术转移。本综述总结了2D和3D打印电池的最新进展。_2个电池，以及其他类型的电池。近年来，通过3D打印技术正在大力开发印刷电池，其中仍需要油墨性能，与制造工艺的兼容性以及与设备的集成方面的进一步发展。在此背景下，还将介绍和讨论印刷电池领域的未来挑战。