HIV-1 RT has been considered as one of the most important targets for the development of anti-HIV drugs for their well-solved three-dimensional structure and well-known mechanism of action. In this study, with HIV-1 RT as target, we used miniaturized parallel click chemistry synthesis via CuAAC reaction followed by in situ biological screening to discover novel potent HIV-1 NNRTIs. A 156 triazole-containing inhibitor library was assembled in microtiter plates and in millimolar scale. The enzyme inhibition screening results showed that 22 compounds exhibited improved inhibitory activity. Anti-HIV-1 activity results demonstrated that A3N19 effected the most potent activity against HIV-1 IIIB (EC₅₀ = 3.28 nM) and mutant strain RES056 (EC₅₀ = 481 nM). The molecular simulation analysis suggested that the hydrogen bonding interactions of A3N19 with the main chain of Lys101 and Lys104 was responsible for its potency. Overall, the results indicated the in situ click chemistry-based strategy was rational and might be amenable for the future discovery of more potent HIV-1 NNRTIs.

HIV-1 RT由于其良好的三维结构和众所周知的作用机理，被认为是开发抗HIV药物的最重要目标之一。在这项研究中，以HIV-1 RT为靶标，我们使用了通过CuAAC反应进行的微型平行点击化学合成，然后进行原位生物筛选以发现新型有效的HIV-1 NNRTI。将含156三唑的抑制剂库组装在微量滴定板中，并以毫摩尔规模组装。酶抑制作用的筛选结果表明，22种化合物表现出改善的抑制活性。抗HIV-1活性结果表明A3N19对HIV-1 IIIB的活性最强（EC ₅₀ ＝ 3.28nM）和突变株RES056（EC ₅₀  ＝481nM ）。分子模拟分析表明，A3N19与Lys101和Lys104主链的氢键相互作用是其效力的原因。总体而言，结果表明，基于原位点击化学的策略是合理的，并且可能适合将来发现更有效的HIV-1 NNRTI。