A novel approach suggested that cognitive and dispositional features may explain in depth the health behaviors adoption and the adherence to prevention programs. The Health Orientation Scale (HOS) has been extensively used to map the adoption of health and unhealthy behaviors according to cognitive and dispositional features. Coherently, the main aim of the current research was to assess the factor structure of the Italian version of the HOS using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and testing the construct validity of the scale by assessing differences in health orientations between tobacco cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. The research protocol was organized in two studies. Study 1 evaluated the dimensionality of the HOS in a sample of Northern Italian healthy people. Three hundred and twenty-one participants were enrolled; they were 229 women (71.3%) and 92 men (28.7%). In Study 2, the factor structure and construct validity of the HOS Italian version was assessed trough confirmatory factor analysis using a tobacco cigarette smokers and nonsmokers population. Two hundred and nineteen participants were enrolled; they were 164 women (75.2%) and 55 men (24.8%). In Study 1, a seven factors solution was obtained explaining 60% of cumulative variance instead of 10 factors solution of the original version of the HOS. In Study 2, the factor structure of the Italian version of the HOS was confirmed and applied to the smokers and nonsmokers; nonsmokers reported higher values than smokers in Factor 1 (MHPP) [t (208) = − 2.739 p < .007] (CI 95–4.96% to −.809), Factor 2 (HES) [t (209) = − 3.387 p < .001] (CI 95–3.93% to -. 1.03), Factor 3 (HIC) [t(213) = − 2.468 p < .014] (CI 95–2.56% to −.28) and Factor 7 (HEX) [t(217) = − 3.451 p < .001] (CI 95%- 1.45 to .39). Results of the Italian adaptation of HOS lead to a partial redistribution of items and confirmed 7 subscales to distinguish psycho-cognitive dispositional dimensions involved in health orientation styles.

中文翻译：

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意大利改编的健康定向量表（HOS）的心理测量特性。

一种新颖的方法表明，认知和性格特征可以深入解释健康行为的采用和对预防计划的遵守。健康取向量表（HOS）已被广泛用于根据认知和性格特征绘制健康和不良行为的采用图。连贯地，当前研究的主要目的是使用探索性和验证性因素分析来评估意大利版本居屋的因素结构，并通过评估吸烟者与非吸烟者健康取向的差异来检验量表的结构有效性。研究方案分为两项研究。研究1评估了意大利北部健康人群样本中居屋的维数。招募了321名参与者；他们是229位女性（71.3％）和92位男性（28.7％）。在研究2中，通过使用吸烟者和非吸烟者人群的确证性因素分析评估了居屋意大利语版本的因素结构和构建效度。共有219名参与者参加；他们是164位女性（占75.2％）和55位男性（占24.8％）。在研究1中，获得了7个因子的解，解释了60％的累积方差，而不是原始版本的HOS的10个因子解。在研究2中，确定了意大利版本居屋的因素结构，并将其应用于吸烟者和非吸烟者。非吸烟者报告的因子1（MHPP）值高于吸烟者[t（208）= − 2.739 p <.007]（CI 95–4.96％到−.809），因子2（HES）[t（209）= − 3.387 p <.001]（CI 95–3.93％to -.1.03），因子3（HIC）[t（213）= − 2.468 p <。014]（CI 95-2.56％至-.28）和因子7（HEX）[t（217）=-3.451 p <.001]（CI 95％-1.45至.39）。意大利对居者有其屋改编的结果导致了物品的部分重新分配，并确认了7个分量表，以区分健康取向风格中涉及的心理认知倾向维度。