Down syndrome is characterized by a variety of dysmorphic features and congenital malformations, such as congenital heart disease, gastrointestinal disease, and other conditions like leukemia and autoimmune disorders. Patients with Down syndrome are highly prone to respiratory tract infections, which might be fatal to them. However, there are only few available data on patients diagnosed with Down syndrome and agammaglobulinemia. In this report, we describe a case of successful prevention of post-dental treatment complications (e.g., pneumonia and other bacterial infections) in a patient with Down syndrome and agammaglobulinemia. A 43-year-old man with Down syndrome, untreated agammaglobulinemia, and a history of recurrent pneumonia, was referred to our clinic for tooth mobility. To reduce the risk of post-operative infections, gammaglobulin treatment and prophylactic administration of antibiotics was scheduled before the dental procedure. Furthermore, the dental treatment, which included a filling and extractions, was conducted under general anesthesia and with the supervision of a hematologist. The dental procedures were successfully performed without any post-operative infection, and the patient is undergoing follow-up care. The purpose of this case report was to recommend a close liaison between physicians and dentists who may encounter a similar case, and to emphasize the importance of improving oral health of immunodeficient patients to prevent infections caused by oral microbial flora.

中文翻译：

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唐氏综合症和无球蛋白血症患者的口服治疗：一例报告。

唐氏综合症的特征是多种畸形特征和先天畸形，例如先天性心脏病，胃肠道疾病以及其他病症，例如白血病和自身免疫性疾病。唐氏综合症患者极易发生呼吸道感染，可能对他们致命。但是，关于诊断为唐氏综合症和无球蛋白血症的患者的可用数据很少。在本报告中，我们描述了成功预防唐氏综合症和无球蛋白血症患者的牙科治疗后并发症（例如，肺炎和其他细菌感染）的情况。一名患有唐氏综合症，未经治疗的丙种球蛋白血症和复发性肺炎病史的43岁男子被转诊至我们的牙齿活动诊所。为了减少术后感染的风险，在牙科手术之前，计划使用丙种球蛋白治疗和预防性使用抗生素。此外，在全身麻醉和血液科医生的监督下进行了包括填充和拔牙的牙科治疗。牙科手术成功完成，没有任何术后感染，并且患者正在接受后续护理。该病例报告的目的是建议可能遇到类似病例的医师和牙医之间保持密切联系，并强调改善免疫缺陷患者的口腔健康以防止口腔微生物菌群感染的重要性。在全身麻醉和血液科医生的监督下进行。牙科手术成功完成，没有任何术后感染，并且患者正在接受后续护理。该病例报告的目的是建议可能遇到类似病例的医师和牙医之间保持密切联系，并强调改善免疫缺陷患者的口腔健康以防止口腔微生物菌群感染的重要性。在全身麻醉和血液科医生的监督下进行。牙科手术成功完成，没有任何术后感染，并且患者正在接受后续护理。本病例报告的目的是建议可能遇到类似病例的医师和牙医保持密切联系，并强调改善免疫缺陷患者口腔健康以防止口腔微生物菌群感染的重要性。