Understanding why some species accumulate more deleterious substitutions than others is an important question relevant in evolutionary biology and conservation sciences. Previous studies conducted in terrestrial taxa suggest that life history traits correlate with the efficiency of purifying selection and accumulation of deleterious mutations. Using a large genome data set of 76 species of teleostean fishes, we show that species with life history traits associated with vulnerability to fishing have an increased rate of deleterious mutation accumulation (measured via dN/dS, i.e., nonsynonymous over synonymous substitution rate). Our results, focusing on a large clade of aquatic species, generalize previous patterns found so far in few clades of terrestrial vertebrates. These results also show that vulnerable species to fishing inherently accumulate more deleterious substitutions than nonthreatened ones, which illustrates the potential links among population genetics, ecology, and fishing policies to prevent species extinction.

中文翻译：

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捕鱼和生活史特征的脆弱性与硬骨鱼类有害突变的负荷相关。

了解为什么某些物种比其他物种积累更多的有害替代物是与进化生物学和保护科学相关的重要问题。以前在陆地生物分类中进行的研究表明，生活史特征与纯化选择和有害突变积累的效率相关。使用76种硬骨鱼类的大型基因组数据集，我们显示具有与捕鱼易感性相关的生活史特征的物种具有增加的有害突变积累率（通过d N / d S衡量），即同义替换率超过同义）。我们的研究结果集中在大型水生物种进化枝上，概括了迄今为止在少数陆地脊椎动物进化枝中发现的先前模式。这些结果还表明，易捕捞物种比非受威胁物种固有地积累了更多的有害替代物，这说明了人口遗传学，生态学和捕捞政策之间的潜在联系以防止物种灭绝。