Deficits in social cognition are common in people with psychotic disorders and negatively impact functioning. Social Cognition Training (SCT) has been found to improve social cognition and functioning, but it is unknown which interventions are most effective, how characteristics of treatments and participants moderate efficacy, and whether improvements are durable. This meta-analysis included 46 randomized studies. SCTs were categorized according to their focus (targeted/broad-based) and inclusion of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT). Network meta-analysis was conducted, using both direct (original) and indirect (inferred from the network of comparisons) evidence. All SCT types were compared to treatment as usual (TAU; the chosen reference group). Moderators of outcome were investigated with meta-regression and long-term efficacy with multivariate meta-analysis. Compared to TAU, emotion perception was improved by targeted SCT without CRT (d = 0.68) and broad-based SCT without CRT (d = 0.46). Individual treatments worked better for emotion perception. All treatments significantly improved social perception (active control, d = 0.98, targeted SCT with and without CRT, d = 1.38 and d = 1.36, broad-based SCT with and without CRT, d = 1.45 and d = 1.35). Only broad-based SCT (d = 0.42) improved ToM. Broad-based SCT (d = 0.82 without and d = 0.41 with CRT) improved functioning; group treatments worked significantly better. Male gender was negatively related to effects on social functioning and psychiatric symptoms. At follow-up, a moderate effect on social functioning (d = 0.66) was found. No effect was found on attribution, social cognition (miscellaneous), and psychiatric symptoms. While targeted SCT is the most effective for emotion perception and social perception, broad-based SCT produces the best overall outcomes. CRT did not enhance SCT effects.

中文翻译：

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精神障碍患者的社会认知训练：网络荟萃分析


社会认知缺陷在精神障碍患者中很常见，并对功能产生负面影响。人们发现社会认知训练 (SCT) 可以改善社会认知和功能，但尚不清楚哪些干预措施最有效、治疗方法和参与者的特征如何调节疗效以及改善是否持久。这项荟萃分析包括 46 项随机研究。 SCT 根据其重点（有针对性/广泛性）和认知矫正治疗 (CRT) 的内容进行分类。使用直接（原始）和间接（从比较网络推断）证据进行网络荟萃分析。所有 SCT 类型均与常规治疗（TAU；所选参考组）进行比较。通过荟萃回归研究结果的调节因素，并通过多变量荟萃分析研究长期疗效。与 TAU 相比，无 CRT 的靶向 SCT ( d = 0.68) 和无 CRT 的广泛 SCT ( d = 0.46) 改善了情绪感知。个体治疗对于情绪感知效果更好。所有治疗均显着改善了社会认知（主动控制， d = 0.98，有针对性的 SCT 有和没有 CRT， d = 1.38 和d = 1.36，广泛的 SCT 有和没有 CRT， d = 1.45 和d = 1.35）。只有广泛的 SCT ( d = 0.42) 才能改善 ToM。广泛的 SCT（不使用 CRT 时d = 0.82，使用 CRT 时d = 0.41）改善了功能；团体治疗效果明显更好。男性与社会功能和精神症状的影响呈负相关。随访时发现对社会功能有中等影响（ d = 0.66）。 未发现对归因、社会认知（杂项）和精神症状有影响。虽然有针对性的 SCT 对于情绪感知和社会感知最有效，但基础广泛的 SCT 可以产生最佳的总体结果。 CRT 并不能增强 SCT 效果。