Machine tools, as the extensively used basic equipment of manufacturing industry, are characterized by intensive and inefficient energy consumption. With the launch and implementation of ISO 14955-1, energy efficiency has become an important criterion for machine tool evaluation. However, most ongoing research on energy efficiency evaluation of machine tools emphasizes on workpiece material removal energy efficiency and rarely considers energy consumption needed to ensure machining accuracy and accuracy consistency, especially energy consumption for thermal stability control of machine tools. In light of this, an exergy analysis based approach is presented to assess the comprehensive energy efficiency of machine tools, including energy consumption for material removal and thermal stability control. The key performance indexes of exergy efficiency, exergy destruction, and specific exergy consumption are analyzed. The feasibility of the proposed approach was demonstrated by a case study, in which the comprehensive energy efficiency of a machine tool was found to be 21.57% instead of 14.38% of material removal energy efficiency. The proposed method is more effective to evaluate the comprehensive energy efficiency, to support designers to design high-efficient machine tool and users to operate machine tool for green and precision machining.

机床作为制造业中广泛使用的基本设备，其特点是能耗大而效率低。随着ISO 14955-1的启动和实施，能源效率已经成为机床评估的重要标准。然而，大多数正在进行的机床能效评估研究都注重去除工件材料的能效，很少考虑确保加工精度和精度一致性所需的能耗，特别是用于机床热稳定性控制的能耗。鉴于此，提出了一种基于火用分析的方法来评估机床的综合能效，包括用于材料去除和热稳定性控制的能耗。火用效率的关键性能指标，火用破坏和比火用消耗进行了分析。案例研究证明了该方法的可行性，其中机床的综合能效为21.57％，而不是材料去除能效的14.38％。所提出的方法更有效地评估了综合能效，支持设计人员设计高效的机床，并支持用户操作机床进行绿色和精密加工。