The use of wastewater for irrigation in agroforestry is cost-effective for water management. It is well established that rhizospheric microorganisms such as N2-fixing bacteria are able to modulate rhizobioaugmention and to boost phyoremediation process. To date, no study has been conducted to evaluate biological effects of rhizobioaugmentation in Casuarina glauca trees induced by their symbiont N-fixing actinobacteria of the genus Frankia. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the main effects of rhizobioaugmentation on the biological activity in the C. glauca's rhizosphere and on C. glauca growth in soils irrigated with industrial wastewater. Two Frankia strains (BMG5.22 and BMG5.23) were used in a single or dual inoculations of C. glauca seedlings irrigated with industrial wastewater. Soil enzymes activity related to carbon, phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen cycling were measured. Results revealed that the BMG5.22 Frankia strain increases significantly the size (dry weight) of C. glauca shoots and roots while dual inoculation increased significantly the root length. Surprisingly, β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase), aryl sulfatase (AS), acid phosphatase (AP), alkaline phosphatase (AlP), glycine aminopeptidase (GAP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and peroxidase (PER) activity in the rhizosphere decreased significantly in soils treated with the two strains of symbionts. This suggests no positive correlations between enzymatic activity and C. glauca growth.

中文翻译：

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用固氮放线菌 Frankia 对 Casuarina glauca 的根际生物增强降低了废水灌溉土壤中的酶活性： Frankia 对 C. glauca 生长的影响。

在农林业中使用废水进行灌溉对于水管理具有成本效益。众所周知，根际微生物（如固氮细菌）能够调节根际生物增强并促进植物修复过程。迄今为止，还没有研究评估由 Frankia 属的共生固氮放线菌诱导的 Casuarina glauca 树的根际生物增强的生物学效应。本研究的目的是评估根际生物强化对 C. glauca 根际生物活性和工业废水灌溉土壤中 C. glauca 生长的主要影响。将两种 Frankia 菌株（BMG5.22 和 BMG5.23）用于用工业废水灌溉的 C. glauca 幼苗的单次或双次接种。与碳相关的土壤酶活性，测量了磷、硫和氮的循环。结果表明，BMG5.22 Frankia 菌株显着增加了 C. glauca 芽和根的大小（干重），而双重接种显着增加了根长。令人惊讶的是，β-葡萄糖苷酶 (BG)、纤维二糖水解酶 (CBH)、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAGase)、芳基硫酸酯酶 (AS)、酸性磷酸酶 (AP)、碱性磷酸酶 (AlP)、甘氨酸氨基肽酶 (GAP)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶 ( LAP）和根际过氧化物酶（PER）活性在用两种共生体处理的土壤中显着降低。这表明酶活性与 C. glauca 生长之间没有正相关。glauca 芽和根，而双重接种显着增加了根长。令人惊讶的是，β-葡萄糖苷酶 (BG)、纤维二糖水解酶 (CBH)、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAGase)、芳基硫酸酯酶 (AS)、酸性磷酸酶 (AP)、碱性磷酸酶 (AlP)、甘氨酸氨基肽酶 (GAP)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶 ( LAP）和根际过氧化物酶（PER）活性在用两种共生体处理的土壤中显着降低。这表明酶活性与 C. glauca 生长之间没有正相关。glauca 芽和根，而双重接种显着增加了根长。令人惊讶的是，β-葡萄糖苷酶 (BG)、纤维二糖水解酶 (CBH)、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAGase)、芳基硫酸酯酶 (AS)、酸性磷酸酶 (AP)、碱性磷酸酶 (AlP)、甘氨酸氨基肽酶 (GAP)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶 ( LAP）和根际过氧化物酶（PER）活性在用两种共生体处理的土壤中显着降低。这表明酶活性与 C. glauca 生长之间没有正相关。在用两种共生体处理的土壤中，根际和过氧化物酶 (PER) 活性显着降低。这表明酶活性与 C. glauca 生长之间没有正相关。在用两种共生体处理的土壤中，根际和过氧化物酶 (PER) 活性显着降低。这表明酶活性与 C. glauca 生长之间没有正相关。