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Chemical effects during the formation of various types of femtosecond laser-generated surface structures on titanium alloy
Applied Physics A ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s00339-020-3434-7
C. Florian , R. Wonneberger , A. Undisz , S. V. Kirner , K. Wasmuth , D. Spaltmann , J. Krüger , J. Bonse

In this contribution, chemical, structural, and mechanical alterations in various types of femtosecond laser-generated surface structures, i.e., laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS, ripples), Grooves, and Spikes on titanium alloy, are characterized by various surface analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction and glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy. The formation of oxide layers of the different laser-based structures inherently influences the friction and wear performance as demonstrated in oil-lubricated reciprocating sliding tribological tests (RSTTs) along with subsequent elemental mapping by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. It is revealed that the fs-laser scan processing (790 nm, 30 fs, 1 kHz) of near-wavelength-sized LIPSS leads to the formation of a graded oxide layer extending a few hundreds of nanometers into depth, consisting mainly of amorphous oxides. Other superficial fs-laser-generated structures such as periodic Grooves and irregular Spikes produced at higher fluences and effective number of pulses per unit area present even thicker graded oxide layers that are also suitable for friction reduction and wear resistance. Ultimately, these femtosecond laser-induced nanostructured surface layers efficiently prevent a direct metal-to-metal contact in the RSTT and may act as an anchor layer for specific wear-reducing additives contained in the used engine oil.

中文翻译:

钛合金上各种飞秒激光生成表面结构形成过程中的化学效应

在这一贡献中,各种类型的飞秒激光产生的表面结构,即钛合金上激光诱导的周期性表面结构(LIPSS、波纹)、凹槽和尖峰的化学、结构和机械变化,通过各种表面分析表征技术,包括 X 射线衍射和辉光放电光学发射光谱。不同激光结构的氧化物层的形成固有地影响摩擦和磨损性能,如油润滑往复滑动摩擦学测试 (RSTT) 以及随后通过能量色散 X 射线分析进行的元素映射所证明的那样。表明 fs-laser 扫描处理 (790 nm, 30 fs, 1 kHz) 的近波长 LIPSS 导致形成延伸数百纳米深度的渐变氧化物层,主要由非晶氧化物组成。其他表面 fs 激光生成的结构,例如在更高通量和单位面积有效脉冲数下产生的周期性凹槽和不规则尖峰,呈现出更厚的渐变氧化层,这些氧化层也适用于减少摩擦和耐磨性。最终,这些飞秒激光诱导的纳米结构表面层有效地防止了 RSTT 中的金属与金属的直接接触,并且可以作为包含在使用过的发动机油中的特定减摩添加剂的锚定层。其他表面 fs 激光生成的结构,例如在更高通量和单位面积有效脉冲数下产生的周期性凹槽和不规则尖峰,呈现出更厚的渐变氧化层,这些氧化层也适用于减少摩擦和耐磨性。最终,这些飞秒激光诱导的纳米结构表面层有效地防止了 RSTT 中的金属与金属的直接接触,并且可以作为包含在使用过的发动机油中的特定减摩添加剂的锚定层。其他表面 fs 激光生成的结构,例如在更高通量和单位面积有效脉冲数下产生的周期性凹槽和不规则尖峰,呈现出更厚的渐变氧化层,这些氧化层也适用于减少摩擦和耐磨性。最终,这些飞秒激光诱导的纳米结构表面层有效地防止了 RSTT 中的金属与金属的直接接触,并且可以作为包含在使用过的发动机油中的特定减摩添加剂的锚定层。
更新日期:2020-03-12
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