Kidney supportive care is the application of palliative medicine principles and practices to patients with kidney disease. The goal is alleviation of suffering through treatment of symptoms, empathic communication, and support for psychosocial distress. Kidney supportive care includes primary palliative care provided by nephrology teams, as well as referral of patients with complex distress for comanagement by an interprofessional specialty palliative care team, when available. The team may include physicians, nurses, social workers, chaplains, and dieticians. Comanagement with nephrologists offers an additional layer of support to patients and families as prognostic awareness, patient preferences, and care decisions are explored. Kidney supportive care can be offered to patients experiencing acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease, including those with kidney failure treated by kidney replacement therapy (dialysis and transplantation). Kidney supportive care includes but is not limited to end-of-life care. This installment of the Core Curriculum in Nephrology outlines several practical applications of kidney supportive care, with a focus on the nephrologist's approach to symptom management, active medical management of kidney failure without dialysis (also known as comprehensive conservative care), acute kidney injury in seriously ill patients, and withdrawal from dialysis.

中文翻译：

---

肾脏支持护理：2020年核心课程。

肾脏支持治疗是姑息医学原理和实践在肾脏疾病患者中的应用。目的是通过症状的治疗，共情交流和对社会心理困扰的支持来减轻痛苦。肾脏支持治疗包括肾脏病小组提供的初级姑息治疗，以及由专业间姑息治疗小组（如果有）推荐的患有复杂窘迫患者的联合治疗。该小组可能包括医师，护士，社会工作者，牧师和营养师。与肾脏病专家的共同管理为患者和家属提供了更多的支持，因为他们对患者的预后意识，患者偏爱和护理决策进行了探讨。可以为患有急性肾损伤或慢性肾脏疾病的患者提供肾脏支持治疗，包括那些通过肾脏替代疗法（透析和移植）治疗的肾衰竭患者。肾脏支持治疗包括但不限于临终护理。本期《肾脏病学核心课程》概述了肾脏支持治疗的几种实际应用，重点是肾脏科医生的症状管理方法，无需透析的积极肾衰竭医疗管理（也称为综合保守治疗），严重的急性肾损伤生病的患者，退出透析。