Evidence for associations between Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and childhood asthma, allergy and related outcomes is conflicting. Few cohorts have followed children to school age, and none have considered lung function. In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we analysed associations between maternal Mediterranean diet score during pregnancy (estimated by a food frequency questionnaire, using an a priori defined score adapted to pregnant women; score ranging from 0 (low adherence) to 7 (high adherence)) and current doctor-diagnosed asthma, wheeze, eczema, hay fever, atopy and lung function in 8907 children at 7–9 years. Interaction between maternal Mediterranean diet and maternal smoking in pregnancy was investigated. The maternal Mediterranean diet score was not associated with asthma or other allergic outcomes. Weak positive associations were found between maternal Mediterranean diet score and childhood maximal mid-expiratory flow (forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25–75%)) after controlling for confounders. Higher Mediterranean diet scores were associated with increased FEF25–75% z-scores adjusted for age, height and sex (β 0.06, 95% CI 0.01–0.12; p=0.03, comparing a score of 4–7 versus a score of 0–3). Stratifying associations by maternal smoking during pregnancy showed that associations with FEF25–75% were only seen in children of never-/passive-smoking mothers, but no evidence for a statistically significant interaction was found. Results suggest adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy may be associated with increased small airway function in childhood, but we found no evidence for a reduced risk of asthma or other allergic outcomes. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy is not associated with a reduced risk of asthma or other allergic outcomes in the offspring, but may be associated with increased small airway function in childhood http://bit.ly/382yGcF

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间的地中海饮食以及儿童呼吸和特应性结局：出生队列研究

怀孕期间地中海饮食与儿童哮喘、过敏及相关结果之间关系的证据是相互矛盾的。很少有队列跟踪儿童至学龄期，也没有人考虑肺功能。在雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究中，我们分析了孕期母亲地中海饮食评分之间的关​​联（通过食物频率调查问卷估计，使用适合孕妇的先验定义评分；评分范围从 0（低依从性）到 7（高依从性））以及目前医生对 8907 名 7-9 岁儿童诊断的哮喘、喘息、湿疹、花粉症、过敏症和肺功能。研究了母亲地中海饮食与母亲怀孕期间吸烟之间的相互作用。母亲地中海饮食评分与哮喘或其他过敏结果无关。在控制混杂因素后，发现母亲地中海饮食评分与儿童最大呼气中期流量（用力呼气流量为用力肺活量的 25-75% (FEF25-75%)）之间存在弱正相关。较高的地中海饮食评分与根据年龄、身高和性别调整后的 FEF25–75% z 评分增加相关（β 0.06，95% CI 0.01–0.12；p=0.03，比较 4–7 的评分与 0– 3）。根据母亲在怀孕期间吸烟对关联进行分层显示，FEF25-75% 的关联仅出现在从不吸烟/被动吸烟的母亲的孩子中，但没有发现统计上显着的相互作用的证据。结果表明，怀孕期间坚持地中海饮食可能与儿童时期小气道功能的增强有关，但我们没有发现任何证据表明哮喘或其他过敏结果的风险降低。怀孕期间坚持地中海饮食与降低后代哮喘或其他过敏结果的风险无关，但可能与儿童时期小气道功能的增强有关 http://bit.ly/382yGcF