In Ethiopia, by the end of 2018, an estimated 690,000 people are infected with HIV and the annual cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is estimated to be between 4000 and 5000 with over 3.2 million people are at risk. Northwest Ethiopia accounts for over 60% cases of VL in the country. Prevalence of HIV infection among VL infected people in Ethiopia has not yet been synthesized. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of HIV infection among VL infected people in Northwest Ethiopia with the hope that it would guide the development of a more robust and cost-effective intervention strategies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched six international databases: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE®, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. We also searched reference lists of included studies and Ethiopian universities electronic thesis and dissertation repositories. The search was performed until June 30,2019. Funnel plot symmetry visualization confirmed by Egger’s regression asymmetry test and Begg rank correlation methods was used to assess publication bias. Pooled prevalence estimate was calculated using Der Simonian and Laird’s random Effects model. We went further to perform univariate meta-regression and subgroup analysis to identify a possible sources of heterogeneity among the studies. STATA software (version 14, Texas, USA) was used for analysis. From 1286 citations identified by our search, 19 relevant studies with 5355 VL infected individuals were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HIV infection among VL infected individuals in Northwest Ethiopia was 24% (95%CI: 17–30%). The result of sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the pooled prevalence estimate was robust and not one-study dependent. The pooled prevalence estimate of HIV infection among VL infected people in Northwest Ethiopia ranged from 20.88% (95%CI: 15.91–25.86) to 24.86% (95%CI: 18.57–31.14) after a single study was deleted. The burden of HIV infection in people infected with VL in Northwest Ethiopia is considerably high. Integrating HIV/AIDS surveillance among VL infected people would improve case detection as well as prevention and control of disease spread.

中文翻译：

---

埃塞俄比亚西北部内脏利什曼病感染人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的流行估计：系统评价和荟萃分析。

在埃塞俄比亚，到2018年底，估计有690,000人感染了艾滋病毒，每年内脏利什曼病（VL）的病例估计在4000到5000之间，有320万以上的人处于危险之中。西北埃塞俄比亚占该国VL病例的60％以上。埃塞俄比亚VL感染者中HIV感染的流行率尚未合成。因此，我们旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部VL感染人群中HIV感染的合并患病率，希望以此为指导制定更有效，更具成本效益的干预策略。在这项系统的审查和荟萃分析中，我们搜索了六个国际数据库：PubMed，OvidMEDLINE®，Embase，Scopus，Google Scholar和ProQuest论文与论文。我们还搜索了包括研究和埃塞俄比亚大学电子论文和学位论文库的参考清单。搜索进行到2019年6月30日。通过Egger回归不对称测试和Begg秩相关方法确认的漏斗图对称可视化用于评估发布偏倚。使用Der Simonian和Laird的随机效应模型计算汇总患病率估计值。我们进一步进行了单变量荟萃回归和亚组分析，以确定研究之间可能存在异质性的来源。使用STATA软件（第14版，美国德克萨斯州）进行分析。根据我们的搜索结果，从1286篇文献中发现19项与5355 VL感染者相关的研究被纳入本荟萃分析。埃塞俄比亚西北部的VL感染者中，HIV感染的合并患病率为24％（95％CI：17-30％）。敏感性分析的结果表明，合并患病率估计值是可靠的，而不是一项独立研究。删除一项研究后，埃塞俄比亚西北部VL感染者中HIV感染的合并流行率估计为20.88％（95％CI：15.91–25.86）至24.86％（95％CI：18.57–31.14）。在埃塞俄比亚西北部，VL感染者的艾滋病毒感染负担非常高。在VL感染者中整合HIV / AIDS监测将改善病例发现以及疾病传播的预防和控制。删除一项研究后，埃塞俄比亚西北部VL感染者中HIV感染的合并流行率估计为20.88％（95％CI：15.91–25.86）至24.86％（95％CI：18.57–31.14）。在埃塞俄比亚西北部，VL感染者的艾滋病毒感染负担非常高。在VL感染者中整合HIV / AIDS监测将改善病例发现以及疾病传播的预防和控制。删除一项研究后，埃塞俄比亚西北部VL感染者中HIV感染的合并流行率估计为20.88％（95％CI：15.91–25.86）至24.86％（95％CI：18.57–31.14）。在埃塞俄比亚西北部，VL感染者的艾滋病毒感染负担非常高。在VL感染者中整合HIV / AIDS监测将改善病例发现以及疾病传播的预防和控制。