Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, this disease has spread rapidly around the globe. Considering the potential threat of a pandemic, scientists and physicians have been racing to understand this new virus and the pathophysiology of this disease to uncover possible treatment regimens and discover effective therapeutic agents and vaccines. To support the current research and development, CAS has produced a special report to provide an overview of published scientific information with an emphasis on patents in the CAS content collection. It highlights antiviral strategies involving small molecules and biologics targeting complex molecular interactions involved in coronavirus infection and replication. The drug-repurposing effort documented herein focuses primarily on agents known to be effective against other RNA viruses including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The patent analysis of coronavirus-related biologics includes therapeutic antibodies, cytokines, and nucleic acid-based therapies targeting virus gene expression as well as various types of vaccines. More than 500 patents disclose methodologies of these four biologics with the potential for treating and preventing coronavirus infections, which may be applicable to COVID-19. The information included in this report provides a strong intellectual groundwork for the ongoing development of therapeutic agents and vaccines.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 及相关人类冠状病毒疾病的治疗药物和疫苗的研究与开发。

自从由 SARS-CoV-2 病毒引起的新型冠状病毒病 COVID-19 爆发以来，这种疾病在全球迅速传播。考虑到大流行的潜在威胁，科学家和医生一直在竞相了解这种新病毒和这种疾病的病理生理学，以发现可能的治疗方案并发现有效的治疗剂和疫苗。为了支持当前的研究和开发，CAS 制作了一份特别报告，概述已发表的科学信息，重点关注 CAS 内容集中的专利。它强调了涉及小分子和生物制剂的抗病毒策略，针对冠状病毒感染和复制中涉及的复杂分子相互作用。本文记录的药物再利用工作主要集中于已知可有效对抗其他 RNA 病毒（包括 SARS-CoV 和 MERS-CoV）的药物。冠状病毒相关生物制剂的专利分析包括治疗性抗体、细胞因子、针对病毒基因表达的核酸疗法以及各类疫苗。超过 500 项专利公开了这四种生物制剂的方法，具有治疗和预防冠状病毒感染的潜力，可能适用于 COVID-19。本报告中包含的信息为治疗剂和疫苗的持续开发提供了坚实的知识基础。