Reduced caloric intake and periodic fasting independently contribute to metabolic effects of caloric restriction.,Aging Cell

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Reduced caloric intake and periodic fasting independently contribute to metabolic effects of caloric restriction.
Aging Cell ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-11 , DOI: 10.1111/acel.13138
Nikkhil Velingkaar ₁ , Volha Mezhnina _{1,

2} , Allan Poe ₁ , Kuldeep Makwana ₁ , Richa Tulsian ₁ , Roman V Kondratov ₁

Affiliation

Caloric restriction (CR) has positive effects on health and longevity. CR in mammals implements time‐restricted (TR) feeding, a short period of feeding followed by prolonged fasting. Periodic fasting, in the form of TR or mealtime, improves metabolism without reduction in caloric intake. In order to understand the relative contribution of reduced food intake and periodic fasting to the health benefits of CR, we compared physiological and metabolic changes induced by CR and TR (without reduced food intake) in mice. CR significantly reduced blood glucose and insulin around the clock, improved glucose tolerance, and increased insulin sensitivity (IS). TR reduced blood insulin and increased insulin sensitivity, but in contrast to CR, TR did not improve glucose homeostasis. Liver expression of circadian clock genes was affected by both diets while the mRNA expression of glucose metabolism genes was significantly induced by CR, and not by TR, which is in agreement with the minor effect of TR on glucose metabolism. Thus, periodic fasting contributes to some metabolic benefits of CR, but TR is metabolically different from CR. This difference might contribute to differential effects of CR and TR on longevity.

中文翻译：

减少热量摄入和定期禁食独立地导致热量限制的代谢作用。

热量限制（CR）对健康和长寿具有积极作用。哺乳动物中的CR实施限时（TR）喂养，短期喂养，然后长期禁食。以TR或进餐时间的形式定期禁食可改善新陈代谢，而不会减少热量的摄入。为了了解减少食物摄入量和定期禁食对CR的健康益处的相对贡献，我们比较了CR和TR（不减少食物摄入量）在小鼠中引起的生理和代谢变化。CR可以全天候显着降低血糖和胰岛素，改善葡萄糖耐量，并提高胰岛素敏感性（IS）。TR减少血液胰岛素并增加胰岛素敏感性，但与CR相比，TR并未改善葡萄糖稳态。两种饮食都会影响昼夜节律时钟基因的肝脏表达，而糖代谢基因的mRNA表达受CR（而不是TR）显着诱导，这与TR对葡萄糖代谢的较小影响相一致。因此，定期禁食有助于CR的某些代谢益处，但TR在代谢上不同于CR。这种差异可能会导致CR和TR对寿命产生不同的影响。

更新日期：2020-03-11

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