AIM: Ecological theory is not often applied to human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP), which estimates reduction of natural net primary production (NPP) due to harvest and land use. Here we use predator–prey theory to evaluate HANPP as “predation”. Macroecology and adaptive life history strategies also help evaluate relationships among global terrestrial HANPP, NPP, and plant biomass (B). LOCATION: Lands worldwide. TIME PERIOD: 2000. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Terrestrial plants. METHODS: HANPP and potential NPP allometric scaling were estimated for terrestrial ecoregions (N = 819, for 86% of global land surface area) in the year 2000. HANPP and NPP scaling were compared and projected to current and year 2050 conditions. NPP scaling for potential versus actual conditions were also compared, as were biomass turnover rates (T; per year). RESULTS: Global HANPP scales predictably with B; consistent with predator–prey theory, HANPP scaling is not clearly satiated at greater B. NPP scaling supports adaptive life history strategies theory. HANPP scaling is c. 16% of NPP scaling; a conservative estimate compared to a grid‐based 22%. HANPP scaling could become 25–35% of potential NPP scaling by 2050 due to population growth, or be constrained to 20–26% of potential NPP scaling if resource use efficiency improves. However, B is more sensitive than NPP to human effects, and human population size and HANPP now dominate as predictors of T. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Three ecological theories converged here to broadly support prior empirical estimates and enable novel insights. B and T are more sensitive to global human impacts than is NPP and should be priorities for carbon budgets and conservation. Human population growth and resource use efficiency strongly affect terrestrial plant HANPP, B and T, and thus global carbon budget. Both human “top‐down” effects (evaluated here) and “bottom‐up” drivers (e.g., climate, nutrients, CO₂) need to be incorporated into global carbon models.

中文翻译：

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全球人类对植物生长和生物量的“捕食”

目的：生态理论并不经常应用于人类对净初级生产的占用 (HANPP)，它估计由于收获和土地使用而导致的自然净初级生产 (NPP) 的减少。在这里，我们使用捕食者-猎物理论将 HANPP 评估为“捕食”。宏观生态学和适应性生活史策略也有助于评估全球陆地 HANPP、NPP 和植物生物量 (B) 之间的关系。地点：世界各地的土地。时间段：2000 年。研究的主要类群：陆生植物。方法：对 2000 年陆地生态区（N = 819，占全球陆地表面积的 86%）的 HANPP 和潜在的 NPP 异速生长进行了估算。比较了 HANPP 和 NPP 的缩放比例，并预测了当前和 2050 年的条件。还比较了潜在条件与实际条件的 NPP 比例，以及生物量周转率（T；每年）。结果：全球 HANPP 与 B 可预测地缩放；与捕食者-猎物理论一致，HANPP 标度在更大的 B 处并没有明显满足。 NPP 标度支持适应性生活史策略理论。HANPP 缩放是 c。16% 的 NPP 缩放比例；与基于网格的 22% 相比的保守估计。由于人口增长，到 2050 年 HANPP 规模可能成为潜在 NPP 规模的 25-35%，或者如果资源利用效率提高，则限制在潜在 NPP 规模的 20-26%。然而，B 对人类影响比 NPP 更敏感，现在人口规模和 HANPP 作为 T 的预测指标占主导地位。 主要结论：三个生态理论在这里汇聚，广泛支持先前的经验估计并实现新的见解。B 和 T 对全球人类影响比 NPP 更敏感，应该成为碳预算和保护的优先事项。人口增长和资源利用效率强烈影响陆生植物 HANPP、B 和 T，进而影响全球碳收支。人类的“自上而下”效应（此处评估）和“自下而上”驱动因素（例如气候、营养物质、二氧化碳）都需要纳入全球碳模型。